148 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OP THE SALT EANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



hilly ground rising immediately from the fault exhibiting the series above 

 the purple sandstone in a dislocated state. In the sides of one of the hills 



here^ north-east from the village of Choya-Saidan 

 ■ Choya-Saidan-Shah. • i • 



Shah, the '^ olive group with its shales and con- 

 glomerates appears to be much thicker than usual (perhaps 150 feet), and 

 the hill is capped by nummulitic limestone, within a synclinal fold of 

 which, close by the village, is a narrow basin of the tertiary sandstones. 

 At the eastern side of the hill upon which the upper Diliir bungalow 

 stands, the shaly conglomerate of the olive group, with its metamorphic 

 pebbles, is seen, and a narrow, red, flaggy band representing the salt 

 crystal-east zone, partly occupies the southern face of the hill above, and 

 overlies the magnesian group ; the last is here chiefly composed of sand- 

 stones, and forms the floor of a long valley extending from Wahali to Pid. 

 In the low, scarped sides of this valley the groups Nos. 8 and 10, and 

 the dark shales immediately beneath the nummulitic limestone, may be 

 traced ; the hsematitic clay band at the base of the dark shales also 

 appears occasionally. 



South-west of Choya, the ground between the Eastern and Kahun 



South-west of Choya- Plateaus is very much broken, its most marked 



Saidan-Shah. feature being a steep ridge, in continuation with 



the Dilur bungalow hill, one side of which slopes steadily at an angle 



of 35° into the Gamthala glen. 



On the northern side of this glen the clifis expose all the series from 



the purple sandstone up to the nummulitic lime- 

 Oamthala Kas. 



stone ; on a narrow neck of which, faulted so that 



the beds dip in opposite directions, is built the village of Choya-Saidan 

 Shah. .Further down the ravine the red marl crops out from beneath 

 the purple sandstone, so that in this locality all the groups of the eastern 

 series are visible. On the southern side of the glen are tertiary sand- 

 stones, faulted against the " purple sandstone "" and " red marl,^^ as if to 

 dip beneath them ; these tertiary beds rest upon a bare surface of num- 

 mulitic limestone deeply furrowed by numerous parallel rain-channels run- 

 ning directly down its dip. The limestone forms a ridge, the scarped side 

 ( 14-8 ) 



