1 83 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OP THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



then turns steeply down northward, forming the hills south of the pic- 

 turesque neighbourhood of Kalar-Kahar. 



By the road from Sardi to Kalar-Kahar, both the uppermost num- 



mulitie beds and the lowest tertiary sandstones can 

 Kalar-Katar junction 



of nummulitic and ter- be seen. The junction beds of the latter are at 



tiary sandstones, &c. ippi-ji-i 



most a couple oi leet m thickness, and are of 



pseudo-conglomerate, calcareous and lumpy, and of a greyish purple 

 colour. Sections of small concretions resemble Nummulites ; and a few 

 of the latter are scattered through the rock, but whether originally 

 belonging to it, or derived, there is nothing to show, and the junction 

 presents every appearance of conformity. In some places, this junction 

 rock appears more conglomeratic, with pebbles of a dun-coloured lime- 

 stone, and overlies some 15 feet of purple marly rock, directly under 

 which is the nummulitic limestone. This limestone dips at 35° and 40° 

 to the north on the hill side, and appears to be cut off by a small fault 

 bringing it against the sandstones, &c., close by, west of the descent 

 to the Kalar-Kahar bungalow. 



The bungalow at this place seems to stand upon an exposure of the 



. red salt-marl, which, strange to say, is seen in 

 Salt-marl. 



connection with the nummulitic limestone, in a 



hillock over the shore of the lake just east of the bungalow, and is 

 again seen among the gardens and vineyards near the police station 

 to the west. The place abounds with fresh-water springs, which pro- 

 bably indicate faulting of the rocks and exhaustion of any saline im- 

 pregnation near their sources. 



Some brine-springs, however, issue from the marl close by the foetid 

 black muddy shore of the lake. Tracing this marl to the eastward, it is 

 found at first between the limestone and the tertiary sandstone beds, but 

 afterwards turning to the southward between apparently nearly vertical 

 walls of the limestone, in a direction which would exactly coincide with 

 the run of the fault up the Kharder arm of the Makrach glen. The 

 marl is so weathered, recomposed, and cemented by calcareous infil- 

 trations, that it is very hard to get a decent specimen of it, but its 



( 183 ) 



