1 92 WYNNE ; GEOLOGY OE THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



above, just beneath the purple sandstone. The trap here was 15 feet 

 thick, much decomposed, and contained a layer of talc. It would appear 

 that the overlying gypsum band is of irregular thickness, and not con- 

 stantly present, as at Khewra glen. 



Where the narrow part of the gorge opens and joins the southern 

 side of the Bhal ravine, the purple sandstones appear to be faulted 

 along a north-westerly line, and the beds are vertical. This disturbance 

 would also seem to have affected the salt beds in some of the neighbour- 

 ing mines, where Dr. Warth describes them as likewise vertical, having 

 nearly the same strike and a thickness of 60 feet, two beds of 30 feet 

 each being separated by a 10-feet bed of bad salt. 



On the opposite side of the stream in the Bhal gorge, and at a con- 

 siderable height upon the foot of the spur between this stream and that 

 from Bhalial, other old mines occur, in which the same observer found 

 the rock-salt bearing north and south, nearly vertical, but dipping 

 slightly to the east ; and in another mine further northwards the salt 

 beds were disturbed, striking south-east and north-west as far as could 

 be made out. 



Hence it may be inferred that, notwithstanding the prevalence 



of steady horizontal or inclined stratification, all 

 Disturbance. 



round the lower portion of the glen the softer salt 



marl has yielded to disturbance which has left much less impression 



upon the massive series overlying ; the lines of disturbance, too, coincide 



so nearly with the directions in which the glen has been excavated, as 



to suggest their having conduced to this result. In both this and the 



great Sardi glen (the two largest excavations of the kind) it may be 



-r, ■, J. . n observed that the beds dip away from each side 



Eeds dipping away irom ^ -^ 



this and Sardi glen. towards the east and west as if there had been 



formerly an anticlinal arrangement of the strata ; but this may with 

 more probability have resulted from other disturbance, accompanied by 

 slight dislocation of the ground out of which the valleys have been 

 eroded. At the heads of both of these large glens the beds dip steeply to 

 the northwards below, but are nearly horizontal above the cliffs, so that 

 ('192 ) 



