200 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



At the head of this gorge the beds are all much broken and slipped, 



Ravine leading to ^^^ ^^®^® ^''^ ^^S^^ ^^ ^^^®^ having been dammed 

 ^^^*^' upj in some black clays and whitish calcareous 



sandy beds containing sub-recent marsh shells. Further down, the 'car- 

 boniferous beds protrude from the debris at the foot of the nummulitic 

 cliffs, being still sandy, ferruginous, and calcareous, the most sandy beds 

 occurring at the top and bottom of the exposure. On the talus beneath 

 the cliffs, some dark, gypseous, shaly and hsematitic masses indicate the 

 presence of the coaly shales near the base of the nummulitic series. 



Ledges of the " speckled sandstone " (No. 5) project from beneath 

 the carboniferous group, and the greenish and dark micaceous silurian 

 zone appearing under these speckled sandstones, shows white saline 

 efflorescence ; it has still a thickness of a hundred feet or somewhat more. 

 The purple sandstones come out from below this zone, and the section 

 terminates below, as usual, with the red gypseous marl. 



From the situation of the latter group at the west or Cha.mil side 

 of the glen, and the partial absence of the " purple sandstone," it would 

 seem that the Pail fault is continued in this direction. There is also a 

 decided appearance of another fault at right angles to this, crossing the 

 middle of the glen and running eastwards up a deep ravine, so as to 

 bring the lower part of the local series against the red marl. 



Near the mouth of the glen the arrangement of the lower rocks 

 is complicated, either by faulting or slips, or both; a mass of the 

 " purple sandstones " being let into the marl longitudinally in the middle 

 of the ravine. The hill rising above the left bank of this ravine exposes 

 East of the moutli of ^^® whole local section from the red salt marl up to 

 ^''^^"^®' the nummulitic limestone, including groups 1, 2, 3, 



5, 6, 10 and 11 ', but these are much confused by landslips, particularly 

 on the south or outer side of the hill. 



The ground to the right slopes much more gradually southwards 

 West of the mouth of towards the plains from Chamil scarp, and is 

 '"'^^^"®- greatly concealed by masses of coarse debris, very 



( 200 ) 



