202 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



gentle, northerly inclinations at angles of 15°, 20°, and 30° carry the 

 lower beds of the sandstone, &c., from the flanks of a long anticlinal 

 of the nummulitic limestone, beneath the red, shaly, and clayey, tertiary 

 band, above which the grey sandstones and orange clays of the next 

 portion of that series constantly occur. 



In the Jaba country the lower sandstones are very often of a greenish 

 or grey colour and thick-bedded, sometimes pebbly, and with but few red 

 bands. Calcareous pseudo-conglomerates occur, also a few beds of greyish 

 shale, and some concretionary beds, from which the small nodules weather 

 out and strew the ground. The same characteristics, with slight and 

 local variation, extend everywhere throughout the group on the northern 

 flanks of the range. 



Either in the nummulitic limestone at the base of the sandstones, 



or in the lower 30 feet of the latter, traces of 

 Rock-tar. 



petroleum or rock-tar, in very small quantities, 



are to be found at three or four localities on the northern flanks 

 of the Son plateau. These places are, — three and a half miles north-east 

 of Kabaki, two and a half miles north-west of Dhuddhur ; two and 

 a half miles north-west of Mardowal; and a questionable locality a 

 couple of miles east of a salt chowki situated northwards of Sakesar 

 mountain.^ Petroleum also occurs southward of this mountain in 

 an outlying fragment of the sandstone beds. The quantities issuing 

 from the rocks are small and worthless as sources of supply, but being 

 found both in the uppermost beds of the limestone, and in the lowest 

 of the overlying sandstones, the occurrence of this mineral oil may per- 

 haps indicate continuity of deposition of these groups, rather than the 

 existence of any marked break between them. 



The width of the lower sandstone and clay band is in many places 

 greater than usual, but its thickness probably does not average more 

 than 1,500 feet.f The red earthy zone above may be rather more than 



* See Report on the Punjab Oil Lands by Mr. B. S. Lyman, pages 43 to 46. 

 f Nearly 1,000 feet greater than at the eastern end of tlie range. 



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