220 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



of the stream the carboniferous bedsj slipped and faulted here and there, 

 form abrupt ground several hundred feet higher than the bottom of the 

 g'len and are covered by the nummulitic limestone. Further down the 

 stream, some of the speckled sandstone beds crop out on its left bank 

 beneath the " carboniferous beds," while on the opposite side of the stream 

 these carboniferous limestones are in junction with the '' red marl." The 

 latter ends suddenly, and for some distance the bed of the river is in the 

 speckled sandstones, which, with the underlying purple group No. 2, 

 diverge to the southward along a slip or fault, and again the carboni- 

 ferous beds of the left bank are in discordant junction with " red marl," 

 "purple sandstone," and " speckled sandstones," while carboniferous lime- 

 stones form the most of the right bank and steep hill side above it. These 

 groups continue in a most shattered state nearly to the mouth of the 

 gorge, where the stream bends to the south and the fault continues 

 onwards up the light bank. 



The sketch (fig. 39, PI. XXII) will convey an idea of the lower part 

 of this glen, through which it is not often easy to trace the geological 

 boundary lines. The ground to the right of the view is almost all of 

 carboniferous rocks much displaced, that to the left above is of the same, 

 while below are the " speckled '^ and " purple sandstones " and the " red 

 marl" in a most confused state. Old Sikh salt-mines were worked in this 

 glen, and some of the compact thinly laminated, dolomitic layers, 

 observed elsewhere, recur here in the red marl. 



The escarpment country along the southern face of the hills, between 

 Between Kund ghat ^he Kavhad ravine and the road from Shahpur to 

 and KavMd glen. ° Katwahi, is extremely disturbed, numbers of 



slips having taken place, and the rocks having given way generally 

 alono- rough contours of the ground. Great sheets and scarps of the 

 bare carboniferous limestone, thrown into curves and basins with various 

 dips, form bold cliffs rising above the broken ground, and lower terraces 

 are also covered with decomposing masses of the same rocks displaced ; 

 while the deeper glens and under-cliffs show various comphcated 

 arrangements of the ^' red salt-marl " and the two overlying sandstone 

 ( 229 ) 



