SON PLATEAU. 239 



The rocks are so disturbed and overrun by debris in some places, 



that a fairer estimate of tbeir tbickness could not be formed. Besides 



tbis, tbe sections are often oblique^ giving* an apparently greater tbickness, 



wbile slips and sligbt local cbauges in tbe beds make tbe order appear 



somewbat different in different places ; tbe above table, bowever, gives a 



general idea of tbe succession. Tbe alum-sbales at the top of the section 



are divided into two bands by a zone of white 

 Alum-shales. 



sandstone, and though this might be merely an 



accidental occurrence, the arrangement coincides with tbe fine Cbichali 



section Trans-Indus, suggesting the possibility that these two zones o£ 



alum-shale may represent the larger bands of Cbichali, and that the 



intervening sandstone may be of cretaceous age. A break or irregularity 



in the succession which is seen Trans-Indus is not, however, observed 



here, and the similarity, so far as it extends, must only be taken for 



what it may be worth. 



East-north-east of Amb village, a track leads by some Buddhist 



ruins up to Kangrawala summit, a lofty hill of 

 Kangrawala hill. , • /. 



carboniferous limestone, 3,920 feet above the sea. 



The strata of this hill are most curiously arranged in an inverted fold, 



the outcrop being to the north and producing fine cliffs of 400 and 500 



feet high at least (see fig. 44, plate XXIII) . At the summit of this bill, 



too, there are some strange natural funnels ; these when visited, late in 



the evening, were emitting volumes of hot damp 

 Exhalations. 



air, the moisture of which condensed upon mosses 



and other damp-loving plants which surrounded their mouths. The 

 reason of this occurrence was not clear ; some decomposing pyritous beds, 

 whence heated air or gases might ascend, may have been caught in the 

 fold, or may exist in the limestones ; the weather was hardly suflSciently 

 warm or the eveniog suflSciently cold to have produced the difference of 

 temperature and an upcast draught, supposing the air had access below. 

 To the east-by-north of this hill, a long fault, apparently the con- 

 tinuation of that passing north of Jalar, separates the carboniferous 

 from tbe nummulitic limestone along a line parallel to the course of a 



( 239 ) 



