270 WYNNE : GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



sandstone beds without any bands of clay. Clay bands occur again 

 between the sandstones further up stream, and within the next couple 

 of miles two or three other faults occur, one of which lies in the bed of 

 the river. Beyond this the stratification undulates at more gentle angles, 

 and the cliffs are capped here and there by the debris of conglomerates 

 formed of crystalline pebbles, among which grey syenite is most 

 abundant j but the conglomerates themselves do not occur in the river 

 until near the town of Makad. 



In the bed of the Indus, within a mile or so below Kalabagh, gold 

 is washed. At one spot, pointed out by the Malik 

 of this place, the bank in which it was sought 

 was at some distance out in the stream, and the material to be washed 

 was taken from a coarse sandy layer mixed with large pebbles. The gold- 

 washers were not at work, but their troons (or cradles) and a few 

 other rude implements were lying on the bank. The success attending 

 the washing was said (as usual) to be very various, and when great 

 a man might obtain from three to four annas a day. 



The entire neighbourhood of this village of Mari is most peculiar, 



^ . , , , J -, the very lowest and some of the highest rocks of 



NeighbournooQ ot -^ ° 



Mari. the range being here brought into contact. Dr. 



Fleming (report, page 252) at one place saw some tertiary strata dipping 

 as if they would pass beneath the salt-marl ; but the general arrange- 

 ment is different. The strong escarpment of the tertiary sandstones 

 faces the salt-hill, but the dip is in the opposite direction. These tertiary 

 beds within the Mari valley frequently strike towards the hill, but with- 

 out showing any inclination to underlie it. 



That the main features of the present arrangement of the rocks 

 here are the result of violent dislocation, rather than the tranquil 

 change of conditions marked by unconformity, appears to be proved 

 by the occurrence of some fragmentary portions of older groups than 

 the tertiary sandstones, in close proximity, evidently parts of once 

 larger developments of these rocks, which existed in their proper places 



( 270 ) 



