27^ WYNNE : GEOLOGY OP THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



XIII. — Appendix: Trans-Indus Hills. 



Although the Jild or Cis-Indus Salt Range terminates at the Mari 

 Geology of country ^auk of the river, it may be briefly mentioned 

 Trans-Indus. ^]^jj^^ ^j^ ^]^q mountains on the other side of the 



Indus, the geological structure is very similar to that of the western part 

 of the Salt Range. The southern escarpment of the latter continues in 

 a more strongly pronounced form, but no longer always presented to the 

 southwards. The cliffs are still contrasted with more gentle slopes in 

 the opposite direction, and these slopes, instead of sinking into an open 

 plateau, like the Potwar country north of the Salt Range, face a mass 

 of hills, some of which are lofty, and all towards the Indus possess a 

 rather defined east-and-west arrangement. These hills are not distant 

 from the Trans-Indus continuation of the Salt Range, and approach it 

 so nearly as to coalesce in the vicinity of Kalabagh ; but further west 

 they are separated by the whole of the wide valley on the further side of 

 which Bannu is situated. 



At a little distance from Kalabagh the geology of the Trans-Indus 

 regions presents some new features, the principal 

 of which are — a larger development of the num- 

 mulitic and Jurassic rocks, the latter being now more calcareous, 

 and the intercalation of a distinctly cretaceous band between these 

 groups a few miles to the westward. There are also among the newer 

 formations some apparent unconformities unknown or, if present, 

 concealed in the Salt Range proper. 



Disturbance can hardly be called a new feature, yet its intensity 

 appears to be even greater beyond the Indus, and the succession is so 

 much broken that, in the small part of the ground as yet examined, 

 incomplete sections only could be found. 



Unfortunately when the officers of the Geological Survey visited 

 Mari or Kalabagh, at three different and considerably separated periods, 

 ( 272 ) 



