274 WYNNE: GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



Along the Ldn nala (or ' Drung Gorge' of Dr. Warth-'s report, 



and Gossai nala of Dr. Jameson) which comes from the north-by-west 



behind the Kalabagh hills, down to the Indus 

 Lfin (or salt) nala. . t..-^., fi-i ^• I'l 



opposite Man, the salt of this locahty has been 



traced for a distance of about two miles from the Indus, and is reported 

 to occur again nine miles up the valley. The salt is being worked at day- 

 light in open quarries or small drifts, and was observed to dip at angles 

 of 40° and even higher towards the westward. From Dr. Warth^s report 

 it appears that the worked seams vary from 4 to 10 or 20 feet, and that 

 there are generally three alternations of good and bad salt, some of the 

 working-places having been abandoned on account of the crystalline 

 nature o£ the mineral. This crystalline salt was, however, being exten- 

 sively raised when I visited the place, many beautifully transparent cubes, 

 of several inches on the side, being observed in the heaps awaiting ship- 

 ment across the river to Mari. As to the salt nine miles up the glen, 

 if it exists, it is as yet unknown whether it may not belong to the saline 

 series of the Kohat district rather than to that of the Salt Range. 



A great fault is believed to exist crossing the River Indus and extend- 

 ing up this Liin valley, letting in masses of the carboniferous lime- 

 stone and other rocks along its course, and also extending some way into 

 the Mari glen ; but as this fault traverses in the low ground, its exact place 

 is concealed. The reason for inferring the existence of this fault is, that 

 there is not room for the Salt Range series to intervene between the red 

 salt-marl and the tertiary sandstones seen on opposite sides of the Lijn 

 glen, the discordant strata belonging to the latter series, occurring on 

 the hill to the west, being apparently newer than the tertiary beds on 

 the east side of the valley, and being themselves capped by a mass 

 of very recent tertiary or post-tertiary conglomerate. The coal of 

 Kalabagh is mainly Jurassic, but thin coaly strings occur also in the 

 nummulitic alum-shales. That from the Jurassic beds continued till 

 lately to be raised and sold in small quantities for the use of the river 

 steamers. The alum is obtained from the black shales near the base 

 of the nummulitic rocks. 

 ( ^74 ) 



