SUMMARY. 377 



The lower part of the cretaceous band and the upper part of the 

 Jurassic seem to form one thick bed of 137 feet, the Ammonites and 

 Belemnites from the upper part having a neocomiau character, while 

 those from the lower part of the zone are Jurassic."'^' Two chief bands 

 of alum-shales occur, one above and the other below the lower lumpy 

 nummulitic limestone ; and there are other less distinct bands besides, 

 in the lower variegated part of the Jurassic series, near No. 3 in the 

 section. 



Alum is manufactured from the lower nummulitic bed at a village 

 within the mouth of the glen. 



Summary. 

 Having now described, with some attention to details, the various 

 local relations of the rocks along the Salt Range, a few brief general 

 observations may be added with a view to conveying a comprehensive 

 idea of the series as a whole. 



Notwithstanding that the Salt Range geology is peculiar and differs 

 greatly from that of neighbouring countries, so far as they are known, 

 and that the series comprises various consecutive palaeozoic, mesozoic, and 

 tertiary formations, and even includes among the older rocks a group of 

 Silurian age, there is a remarkable degree of continuity preserved 

 throughout the deposits. Though many pages of the record are doubt- 

 less missing, the succession is absolutely more continuous and complete 

 than in many other parts of India itself, or in many equal areas of distant 

 countries ; and further there are indications that throughout the long 

 lapse of time during which the successive stages of the series were formed, 

 some very similar conditions obtained, resulting in the reproduction of 

 the same kinds of rock. Thus, so far back as the formation of the group 

 next succeeding to the salt-marl in the western 



Conglomerates. 



part of the district, abrasion of old metamorphic 



rocks and transport of their detritus to this region must have been 

 * From Dr. Waagen's field determinations while we were examining the glen together. 



( 277 ) 



