278 WYNNE: GEOLOGY OF THE SALT RANGE IN THE PUNJAB. 



taking place, an action which, was continuous or repeated through all 

 except the more highly calcareous formations. Conglomerate or con- 

 o<lomeratic bands of similar metamorphic blocks and pebbles are 

 found largely in group No. 2, or in its place; in less quantity, in the 

 Silurian band No. 3, and in No. 4 ; frequently in No. 5 ; in one place 

 in the triassic No. 7 ; in another in No. 8 ; occasionally in the Jurassic 

 No. 9 ; again largely in the eastern portion of No. 10 (cretaceous ?) ; while 

 in parts of the tertiary beds No. 12, crystalline pebbles, of diflFerent 

 aspect collectively, and probably derived from different sources, occur on 

 several horizons and form very massive bands in some of the upper 

 Siwalik beds. 



Again, the conditions necessary to the production of coal and car- 

 bonaceous rock have not been confined to one 

 Coaland coaly beds. . i i i i • i. vi. 

 group or the series, such bands bemg met witn 



in the gypsum with the salt-marl of Khewra; in rocks but a short 

 way above it, mentioned in Section XI ; in the upper part of the speckled 

 sandstone and lavender clays No. 5 at Nursingphoar ; in the carboni- 

 ferous, Jurassic, and cretaceous formations; and so largely as to form coal- 

 beds in the uummulitic group. 



Certain varieties of lavender-coloured argillaceous rock, generally 

 yielding rapidly to the atmosphere, are also 

 distributed. They occur in the salt-marl, as- 

 sociated with its layers of volcanic rock ; in many places and with a very 

 similar aspect in the " speckled sandstone series,^' notably at its upper 

 limits ; in the carboniferous limestone group, in the glen of Nursing- 

 phoar ; in the probably cretaceous beds of the Bhal branch of the Nila- 

 wan ravine ; and associated with the hsematitic or lateritic band frequently 

 but not always present at the base of the nummulitic group. 



Nor are hsematitic bands confined to one horizon. They prevail in the 

 situation just mentioned (below the nummulitic), 

 but occur also frequently in the supposed creta- 

 ceous rocks, more rarely in those of Jurassic age, and in other situations. 



( 278 ) 



