DAMUDA SERIES : IRONSTONES. 03 



The best sections of the Ranigaujs, where the rocks are typically 

 developed, occur in the Dhungadugwa and Dhurdurwa nuddees, 



Blmngadugwa nnddee. — In this river the Raniganjs are brought 

 into contact with the Barakars by a fault. The most prominent beds 

 are alternations of purplish and yellow ribboned calcareous sandstones, 

 with white felspathic siliceous sandstones. As we proceed up the nuddee, 

 and trace the rocks in ascending order, the calcareous element is seen to 

 decrease; and we have sandstones more especially consisting of the 

 elements quartz and felspar. In many cases quartz is the chief ingredient. 

 The dip is high, never decreasing below 50°. Above where the road 

 from Layeo crosses, the section is very imperfect. A seam of wortliless 

 coal occurs opposite Hurdeeamo, dipping west- north-west 45°. Above it 

 is a plant bed, in which Schizoneuree are very numerous. 



The highest strata of the group are carbonaceous shale and thin 

 micaceous sandstone, dipping due west and conforming to the Panchet 

 series. 



DJmrdurwa nuddee. — The relation between the Edniganjs and 

 Barakars is not so distinctly marked here as in the Dhungadugwa, the 

 junction not being' visible ; the first rocks distinctly exposed are shales, 

 calcareous bands, and sandstones uniformly fine grained and compact, 

 like those of the upper group. 



Two very impure and small seams are seen south of the Kodwa and 



Sarum road : and near the road there are two beds 

 CoaL 



of good coal, one about 20 yards south of it 4 feet 

 thick, and one north of it. 



Two more seams occur above the junction of the tributary of the 

 Dhurdurwa, but they are of no commercial value, — both on account of 

 their inferior quality and the high angle at which they are inclined. 



Towards the upper portion of the section there is an abrupt decrease 

 in dip ; and the sandstones change their colour from yellow to a decided 

 green. At first sight they give the idea of being Panchets ; but they ai'e 



( 101 ) 



