OF WESTERN AND CENTRAL INDIA. Z$ 



considerable. The cretaceous beds appear in some localities to have 

 been greatly denuded before they were covered by the trap flows. But 

 there is never much difference in the dip of the two series ; where the 

 cretaceous' beds are inclined, the traps, as a rule, are inclined also, and 

 although the Bagh beds appear in one or two places to have been a 

 little disturbed before the commencement of the trap epoch, such 

 occurrences are very rare and exceptional; in very many cases the 

 former have scarcely undergone any denuding action before they 

 were covered by the traps. Over many hundreds of square miles, west 

 of Bagh, a thin bed of calcareous conglomerate or limestone which re- 

 presents the cretaceous rocks, and which is not more than 30 to 50 feet 

 in thickness, is found uniformly at the base of the volcanic series. Here 

 and there it has been cut away, as if by a stream, but it is rarely wanting 

 for many yards. Indeed the uneven surface upon which the traps are 

 deposited prove that the denudation undergone by the Bagh beds was; 

 purely sub-aerial, and due to rain and rivers, whereas the denudation 

 of the traps before the deposition of the numraulitics may have been 

 marine. 



Far more numerous and better sections were met with of the 

 base of the traps resting on the cretaceous rocks than of the bottom of 

 the nummulitics resting on the traps, but so far as it has been possible 

 to judge, the amount of denudation of the Bagh beds prior to the depo- 

 sition of the traps was less general, and also less in amount than the 

 denudation of the traps before the deposition of the nummuiitie series; 

 and therefore the conclusion to be drawn from the geological evidence 

 is, that tlie lowest traps appear to differ less in age from the middle creta- 

 ceous heds of Bagh than the highest traps do from the lower eocene form- 

 ations of S'urat. 



There is also a little palseontological evidence, but it is of small value 



when compared with the geological. In some beds beneath the traps 



( 159 ) 



