Sec. 9.] detailed descriptions. 143 



gneiss. A more thoroughly metamorphic rock it would he difficult to 

 conceive.* 



This formation is immediately succeeded hy laminated siliceous 

 limestone, to that follows massive quartzite, upon which comes limestone 

 again with some iron ore at the base. In the limestone, close to the 

 road, bedding is seen, dipping at a low angle to about north-20°-east, 

 the .cleavage lamination striking here west-30°-north, so that the two 

 nearly coincide in direction, although the dip of the cleavage is higher. 

 Following the limestone baud to the eastward, it is found to strike gra- 

 dually away from the direction of the cleavage. 



The above gives a fair idea of the general succession of beds seen 

 in the Bijawur series near Bagh. It is highly improbable that it should 

 be a simple ascending series ; almost without doubt it is complicated by 

 faults and contortion. Its peculiar interest, however, lies in the illus- 

 tration which it affords of the parallelism of the cleavage and lamination, 

 and of the different strike of the bedding ; for the lamination so fre- 

 quently has the appearance of bedding that it is necessary to be very careful 

 amongst these rocks in distinguishiug between the two. As a rule, no 

 bedding is, seen except in the breccias and quartzites. 



The above, however, do not comprise all kinds of rock seen in this 



country. In some places, near Agur, perfectly 

 Bijawur s near Agur. 



unaltered sandstone is met with. Near the bound- 

 ary fault, on the road between Agur and Nahwel, on the other hand, 

 some limestone contains talcose layers, and plumose crystallization, pro- 

 bably also of talc, in the cleavage planes. This is at about 200 or 300 

 yards distance from the boundary, the breccia and limestone nearest to 

 the metamorphics, and only separated from them by the boundary fault, 

 being unaltered. 



* It has occasionally occurred to me that the more highly metamorphosed condition 

 of particular beds, especially when quartzose, may have been due to the more easy permeabi- 

 lity of the original sedimentary rock composing them by heated vapom-s, or mineral water. 



( 305 ) 



