Sec. ]2.] detailed descriptions. 177 



that which I have described above as the Champaneer group. These rocks 

 are surrounded by granite and granitoid gneiss on the north-east, east, and 

 south ; to the west they are covered by alluvium, the great trappean mass 

 of Powaghur hill intervening in one place, and two very small outliers 

 of cretaceous rocks in others. To the north the extension of the 

 Champaneer beds has not been explored. 



It is evident that to the westward, the greater portion of the 

 trappean and cretaceous rocks have been removed by denudation, any 

 remnants of these which may exist, with the exceptions just noted, being 

 concealed beneath the alluvium of the plains of Baroda. 



The north-eastern extremity of the Champaneer beds is close to the 

 Champaneer beds near ^^^^^^^ ^^ Dhunpoor, about 6 miles east of Kudwal. 

 Dhunpoor. They consist here of quartzite, a ridge of which 



runs for miles along the south side of the valley in which Kudwal lies. 

 The rock is fine grained, and in places micaceous. To the westward the 

 range expands into a broad tract of hilly country, composed of ridges of 

 quartzite, and intervening valleys of schistose rocks more or less crystal- 

 line. Limestones also occur, some of them containing white hornblend 

 (tremolite), and the same peculiar felspathic mineral which is found with 

 serpentine in metamorphic limestone north-east of Chota Oodipoor."^ 

 Another bed is a calcareous quartzite with fine crystals of Actinolite. 

 The direction of cleavage or lamination of these beds is west-10° to 20°- 

 north, but the bedding appears to be very different from this and variable. 



In the valley about Kudwal, the rocks are much concealed by 



alluvium. Where any appear at the surface, they 

 Near Kudwal. 



are mostly slates with vertical cleavage, striking 



west-10°-north. At the base of the hills near Barr, a very crystalline 



conglomeritic rock occurs. North-west of Kudwal, as far as Virpoor, 



the principal rock seen is slate. About Khuttas are very dark quartzites, 



* See ante p. 160. — If the limestone near Kudwal were more crystalline and the horn- 

 blend converted into serpentine, both of which are the simplest of metamorphic changes, tha 

 beds would be identical with the metamorphic limestones of Chaudpoor, north-east of 

 Chota Oodipoor. 



Y ( 339 ) 



