THE DAMUDA SERIES. 23 



Khowa river also^ there is no coal, but there is a bed of carbonaceous 

 shale 3 feet in thickness. The dip is south. 



About half a mile north-west of Urtah, there is a seam 12 feet 

 thick, and dipping at 10° south. Throughout an area of 18 or 20 square 

 miles, this is the only considerable bed of coal which crops out at the 

 surface. In the Balia Beltu river, with the exception of a few rocks 

 at the base, there is no exposure of strata; and north of Pagar and 

 Bariatu, there are only outcrops of two or three seams, far too impure 

 in quality and small in thickness to deserve any notice. 



No coal indeed, worth calling attention to, occurs until we come to 

 the Chiindru or Tendwa river. A seam is exposed at its junction with 

 the feeder flowing from the north of Ghangra. It dips to the south at 

 this place, but this is not constant, and it changes its strike, as it 

 stretches westward. The seam is met with in the Eishanpur road ghat, 

 and can be traced for some way up the Ghangra river. Its thickness is 

 11 feet at its outcrop, but the coal-yielding portion of it is less. 



In ascending order, the following is the section : — 



11' 0" 



1. 



Coal seam ... 









a. Coal mixed 



... 5' 



0" 





h. Carbonaceous shale ... 



... 3' 



0" 





c. Sandstone ... 



... 2' 



0" 





d. Coaly shale ... 



... r 



0" 



2. 



White felspathic sandstone. 







The coal indicated by (a) is sometimes reduced to 3 and 2 feet. 

 There is, however, a sujQ&cient thickness of coal throughout the whole of 

 this seam to supply any local demands. 



Further down the river there are no outcrops distinctly visible. 



In the PacJmndd river, which is another tributary of the Chundru 



or Tendwa, there is a seam exposed just under the 

 Coal near Paclianda. 



village. The thickness is not shown nor is the 



dip. The direction of inclination in the rocks near this, however, is 



south-east at an easy angle. 



( 307 ) 



