8 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART 1. 
“Clay Slate Series" all together and placed them under the quartzites 
whereon they have seen them. Still, Malcolmson seems to have 
had the correct idea of the relations of the beds at Bangnapilly, 
for he clearly saw some slight evidence of the unconformity which 
exists there: though he generalized too much on these relations when 
he saw quartzites and “ Argillaceous Limestone" in other parts of the 
area of the Cuddapah rocks.’ On this account, his section at the bottom 
of plate XLVI* shows * Diamond Sandstone" resting on argillaceous 
“Limestone” throughout the whole field, which is simply the reverse of 
what is really the case. It had better be stated here once for all, that 
the lowest beds, in both the KADAPAH and KARNUL formations, are 
distinctly a set of quartzite sandstones and conglomerates. He says with 
regard to the geological age of the “ Diamond Sandstone” and “ Argillace- 
ous Limestone :” * my own conviction is that they belong to the more 
ancient secondary or even transition rocks." He considers that “the 
sandstones and limestones of Bundelkund and Malwa correspond in many 
particulars with those of the south of India” (p. 568). 
The late General Cullen of Madras comes next in order as having 
written about these rockst. In prosecuting a 
ary EN journey from Madras to Bellary, he made a couple 
of traverses across the Cuddapah and Kurnool country, and found that 
it was one of clay slate, sandstones, and limestones, with a local alterna- 
tion of trap with other limestones; and this is, on the whole, nearly a 
true general statement of the lithology of the area. He does not enter 
into the question of geological age, but falls into the common error of 
thinking that the sandstones always cap the clay slates. He only notices 
with regard to the “ Diamond Sandstones" that they occur near 
Banaganpilly. 
* Trans. Geol. Soc., London, 2nd ser., vol. V. 
T Trans. of the Lit. Soc., Madras, January 1837, p. 50. 
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