10 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART 1. 
Newbold, that the only work incorrectly done, or not done at all, was 
such as could alone be accurately determined and settled by the 
continuous and systematic work of men trained to such investigations. 
He examined the rocks quite as closely for organic remains as we have . 
done, and with equal non-success, lingering only over some peculiar 
minute spherical and oval bodies in an oolitoid silicious rock, and coming 
to the same doubtful conclusions, as we have been compelled to do, 
regarding their organic or inorganic structure, 
In his Summary given in the 8th vol., Journal, Royal Asiatic 
Society (read 1844), he gives four sections across the Peninsula of 
India. Only Section 2 has reference to these rocks, and in this he, like 
Malcolmson, reverses the true order of superposition of limestones and 
quartzites. In this, the quartzites of the Eastern Ghats are also re- 
presented as lying naturally up against a sloping bottom of gneiss rocks : 
while for the most part along this side of the Cuddapah and Kurnool 
basins, the boundary is a faulted one, and the beds dip down at the older 
crystalline rocks. The unconformity of the two formations seems to 
have dawned on him on two occasions; butit was more with reference 
tothe quartzite and limestone groups that he observed it, and here 
he certainly confounds the limestones of the Kapapau rocks with those 
of the KARNÜL series. Finally, this cautious writer says— with 
regard to the age of the Diamond Sandstone and Limestone, Geologists 
are of conflicting opinion ;” when he goes on to give a short sketch of 
the views of Christie, Franklin,* and Maleolmson which need not here 
be repeated, as they are given above, and concludes rightly that “ until 
the further discovery of organic remains enables the geologist to see his 
way more clearly, it would be advisable to refrain from any hasty and 
premature classification." 
* Franklin does not refer to the Madras rocks, but Newbold probably refers to him 
here, as there is the very general view among all these writers that the Bundelkuud rocks 
are identical with those of Cuddapah. 
(I9) 
