CHAP. 2.] PHYSICAL STRUCTURE. 23 
the western mountains or Yerramullays have only commenced to rise 
up from the plains to the east of Kurnool,—a feature which is paralleled 
by a like sinking down of the easternmost ridge of the Eastern Ghats 
into the plains of Nellore. Consequently, this section shows no scarped or 
hill ridge boundary either on the western or eastern edges, respectively, 
of the area. Kurnool is from 900 to 950 feet above the sea, but eastward 
of that town there is a gradual rise of country, only broken by the low 
Gardymuddagoo ridge, to the foot of the Nullamullays, where a height 
of nearly 1,000 feet is obtained. Then there is a grand rise up to the 
summit of the dome-shaped mountain of Eeshwarnacoopum, which is 
certainly over 3,000 feet. From the pyramidal summit of this mountain 
there is a long and quick descent to a low valley of about 1,000 or 
1,200 feet above the sea, which is only separated from the great plains 
of Nellore by the Soonkasla ridge of 1,600 feet, and two further 
parallel and lower ones. Outside of these, there is an elevation of about 
900 feet, which becomes lower and lower as the coast is approached. 
The next section, No. 2,is much more in accordance with the 
E e outline of surface of the greater portion of our 
area, and is drawn through Paipully, which is 
about the most elevated town of any importance in the Kurnool District. 
Paipully* is near the eastern edge of the Mysore plateau, which here runs . 
up to the base of the western boundary hills at about two and half miles 
from the town. Here there is a low but distinctly scarped ridge of 
from 150 to 900 feet high. On passing over the ridge, there is a very 
sudden descent of about 550 feet into a valley backed by a series of 
parallel ridges, which are the southerly prolongation of the Yerramullays و‎ 
only the contour of these rises up by a series of terraces to another low 
* <“ Paipilli, 15 14 ; 77?45' in Maissür, 10 miles N. E. of Gáti. 1,716 ft. Schl. Ad. 
1,750 ft. Cull” (De Schlagintweit’s India and High Asia. Text., vol. IL p. 227). I 
have taken Genl. Cullen’s height of 1,750 feet, as it is much nearer my own observations. 
Called Pyapully, Papully, Paipully.—W. K. 
(193. ) 
