63 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART 1I. 
cutting back for any depth into ravines among the quartzites them- 
selves. In cases where there is a good superficial display, as on most 
of the plateau, the surface for some depth is worn into ravimes, or 
great spreads of rock have been cleared away, (Plate IT, Fig. 2; II, 
Fig. 1), leaving lines of low vertical cliffs with fringes of pinnacled 
and buttressed masses of rock, almost exactly, on a small scale, like an 
iron-bound coast of a shallow sea from which the waters had retired. 
It requires very little imaginative power to picture the water swirling 
and eddying among the great outstanding masses of rock below the 
cliffs on which the spectator might take his stand. Plate III, 2 gives 
a rough sketch of one of these lines of fringed cliffs from the Korty- 
coonta plateau above Ramulcottah. 
The most striking example of this mode of weathering is to be 
seen on the road from Kurnool to Nundyall in the Poolcherla plateau. 
The isolated masses of horizontally bedded quartzite occasionally stand 
up out of the flat plain of cotton soil alongside the high-road, as they 
might out of a spread of water; while the road runs for some distance 
(as it crosses a low part of the plateau) below a line of low cliffs 
with its fringe of quaintly weathered masses of rock, some of which are 
worn into seemingly eastellated groups. It is not an unusual thing to 
hear people who had travelled along this road in the day-light remark 
how much they were struck with this strange resemblance to an old 
coast line. The same features may be seen, though not to so large 
an extent, nearer to Paneum, as the road passes out of the Tumrazpilly 
valley; and, by the way, this very valley is strewn all over the slopes 
of its steeply scarped sides with some of the largest masses of the 
detached pinnacled beds. The Oopalpád plateau shows very frequent 
examples of the fringed cliffs, particularly upon its northern slopes ; 
and there is the very picturesque ravine of the Owk river which is 
worn deeply back nearly right across the plateau, with its lofty vertical 
sides and bed filled up with the great masses of the quartzites which 
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