80 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART If. 
by which the trap is traversed. This infiltration has not descended deeper than from 
4 to 5 feet below the point of contact with the limestone bed, as may be seen 
by the section in the bank of the Chundoor nullah. Where the spaces between the 
trap masses are a little wider than usual, a tendency to the formation of geodes may be 
observed,—and imperfect very irregularly shaped geodes may be occasionally found, 
the quartz crystals lining the cavity being generally of dull white, and the intervening 
space, if there be any, is filled up with calcite. This highly jaspery character of the 
base of the limestone continues southward and south-westward from Chundoor to near 
Jullapoor. About three quarters of a mile south of Chundoor the same process of in- 
filtration into the spaces between the blocks composing the broken surface of the.granite 
itself is very clearly exposed. Many considerable blocks of the coarse reddish granite 
are supported on and enclosed by the limestone, forming an immensely coarse conglo- 
merate. There can be little, if any doubt, but that these blocks were originaily en- 
closed when the soft calcareous mud was first deposited on the broken surface of the 
granite; and that both here and at the Chundoor trap-dyke, the process of infiltration . 
was contemporaneous with the original formation of the limestone beds. Inm all the 
large spaces between both the granite and trap blocks, the limestone or silicious matter 
oceupying them, is undistinguishable from the parent mass above. 
<“ At Jullapoor, the base of the limestone becomes a breccia with included angular 
fr agments of granite. 
* Another and much finer EE of a (filtration- ) ‘ breccia’ formed by the 
inclusion of blocks of syenite and granite composing the broken surface on which 
the limestone was deposited, is to be seen on the north side of the Kistnah a little 
distance west of the telegraph towers in the river. The bed appears to be 8 to 10 feet 
thick. The limestone between the blocks is highly charged with jasper, and generally . 
purple in color. A little further still to the west are several spots at which the lime- 
stone has been almost entirely removed, only films being left here and there in slight 
depressions in the syenite surface, the light blue or slightly purple limestones contrasting 
strongly with the pale syenite and reminding one forcibly of small pools left behind on 
rocks by the ebb tide, or by a heavy shower of rain. 
“The valley of the Kistnah near Veapurla (the ford. at which the Kon 
Secunderabad road crosses), appears to have followed .: 
Evidence of Kistnah valley for a few miles the direction of a slight synelinal fold in 
b he ag UR the limestone, the base of which has been almost entirely 
eroded by the action of the river. Confirmatory of this view is not alone the 
decided northward dip of the limestone beds between Murramoongaul and Chundoor, 
and the rather less southerly dip of Veapurla limestone beds, but also the presence 
in the bed of the Kistnah at the mouth of the Chundoor nullah, about a hundred 
yards from the bank, of a small strip of the limestone 27 situ in a depression im 
the granite. The position of this with regard to the much higher level occupied 
by the limestone on either side shows that there must have been a synclinal 
fold at that point with a strike from north-west to south-east.” 
ر ۲ ( 
à Dd 
