CHAP. 4.] KARNÜL FORMATION.—BANAGANPILLY GROUP. 93 
“ The general northern boundary of this area of pebbly quartzites lies at a lower 
Possible strata of kaparan level than the capping of the Penthully hill and runs across 
senos the open country in a west by north direction in a tolerably 
straight line for nearly three miles, when it rises into two or three small ridges 20 
to 30 feet high to the south-west of Singuwarrum village. The ridges which have a 
southerly dip are evidently the remnants of the base of the slope by which the pebble 
beds were connected with the outlying mass capping the Singuwarrum Trig. station hill. 
The capping bed on this hill consists of a pebbly quartzite undistinguishable from that 
on the Penthully hill and parts of the Yemkulloo hill. The rock is of brown or drab 
color and rather compact. The enclosed pebbles consist of grey cherty quartzite and 
jasper with a considerable number formed of a curious pisolitic chert. The nearly 
triangular area of the plateau on the summit of the hill is surrounded by a low scarp, 
vertical in many places, and from two to six feet high, the whole edge surrounded by 
the ruined wall of a rudely-buiit droog or hill fort. The general dip of the capping bed 
is towards the east, at a very low angle, hardly perceptible except when seen from 
a distance. The underlying rock is a coarse quartzo-felspathic granite. The height 
of the plateau above the surrounding country may be fairly estimated at 200 feet, and 
the well defined table shape of the hill renders it very conspicuous for miles around.” 
“ On the south side of the Toongabudra, west of Kurnool, precisely similar pebbly 
quartzite occurs between the canal and the river stretching some distance into the bed 
of the latter immediately west of the village of Niddajood. The bed exposed in the 
river is only partially conglomeratic in character, part of it being quite compact, of 
white color with purple laminz identical with that at Borewellee. It is externally 
stained a deep rusty brown.” 
“ A good deal of white pebbly quartzite has been quarried close to the canal for 
the revetment of the bank. The enclosed pebbles consist of quartz, grey chert, felspar, 
and the pisolitie chert found in the pebble bed on the Singuwarrum hill This white 
quartzite is of rather friable texture and is easily broken. The compacter portions are 
strikingly like the felspathic pebbly quartzite occurring on the left bank of the Toon- 
gabudra near Bhyrawunpully. From its position on the south bank of the river 
it is evident that the bed must dip under the limestone at Kulgootlah.” 
“ In the absence of the evidences furnished by organic remains, the stratigraphic 
position of these pebbly quartzites, so constantly underlying Jummulmudgoo lime- 
stones, justifies to my mind the view that they are representatives of the conglomerates 
and quartzites of the Calwa hills and the neighbourhood of Banaganpilly.’* 
* Since Mr, Foote’s examination of this part of the field, I have had further opportunities of 
following out the rocks, and have found that the breccia and pebble beds of the capped ridge or spur of 
the Kistnah-Nullamallays on the north bank of the river are continuous into undoubted KADAPAH 
strata, in which the pisolitie or colitoid fragments of chert are very common. ‘These fragments are 
derived from a series of silicious limestones on which the quartzites containing these breccia beds of the 
Kistnah-Nullamallays rest unconformably. It is therefore very probable that the breccia beds referred to by 
Mr. Foote inthe last five paragraphs are of the KADAPAH series. At any rate, we must consider the 
capping of the Penthully ridge and the plateau beyond as of these, though the rest of the shore-beds 
may, of course, be bottom beds of the KARNULS and still contain fragments of the oolitoid chert.—W. K. 
(323) 
