CHAP. 5.] KARNÜL FORMATION.—THE PALNÁD. 111 
the base of the Waumyconda where it shows in the Khoond-airs as well 
as in the Jummulmudgoos. The cleavage, at the same time, seems to be 
strongly developed in a certain set of beds, rather than along a particular 
run of country irrespective of the succession of the strata. 
The cleaved limestones in the present cases are identical with the 
limestones on the eastern side of the Khoond-air valley, viz :—dark-grey 
suberystalline banded limestones, rather clayey. The bluer and more 
compact beds are also cleaved but not so strongly. The banded and 
cleaved strata show in a great spread of rock in and between the 
Goorjal and Datchapully streams. Cleavage strikes north-east-south- 
west with a dip of 20° to 30° south-east; and it is very often so strong 
as to have nearly obliterated lamination and bedding. 
That cleavage here is the result of pressure, is often very well seen 
in the peculiarly toothed or serrated surfaces of lamination exhibited by 
Nags ma ددم‎ 
Fig. 13. Serrated surfaces of the beds of limestone, resulting from cleavage. 
Here there has clearly been pressure from the south-eastward, 
sufficient to crush up the surfaces of the beds, or rather bands, of 
dark and lighter earthy or other limestone into the serrated rip- 
plings displayed in the section; and these little ridges are parallel to 
and in the planes of cleavage. Pressure applied at right angles to the 
cleavage planes would have a tendency to produce this serration of 
lamination surfaces, more particularly as the general dip of the beds is 
to the south-east, and probably was so when the pressure was super- 
induced. 
(EIC 
