CHAP, 2.] KADAPAH FORMATION.—PAUPUGNEE BEDS. 155 
i 
Section No. 2 illustrates the lie of the beds so far; but north of this 
a scarpless section is very common, as in Sections Nos. 3 & 4. 
In the neighbourhood of Poopalla (five or six miles north of the Penn-air), the 
No scarp now: strata tail features of the boundary change somewhat. Hitherto the 
PASTURE chong. bottom beds have run in a scarp overlooking a more or 
less steep and high slope along undulating hills and headlands, whereas now they are 
lying up the granite slopes which stretch down from the great ridge of fault-rock to the 
west. See Sections 3 & 4. 
The bottom beds in this neighbourhood are mostly pale grey and dark-brown, 
or reddish grits and sands; while the lowest bed of all is a breccia and conglo- 
merate of red and black ribbon jasper and quartz. Close to Poopalla the lowest 
bed becomes highly conglomeratic with jasper, quartz, quartzite, and quartz-rock 
(fault-rock) evidently from the adjacent ridge. There are no pebbles of gneiss, or 
granite. 
Hence northwards, the lowest strata present at intervals the 
Indication of altera. #PPearance of having been cemented (possibly by - 
pono gunction rocks: infiltration), or baked or welded (by heat), to or 
with the subjacent CRYSTALLINES. 
Just north of Poopalla, the lowest of the Goolcheroos are the usual grits, much 
Bottom bed apparently Vitrified, and at one point apparently cemented or joined 
paca tO enei: or baked into close contact with the granitoid gneiss. 
There is no clear line of junction between the two rocks: the bottom of the lowest 
stratum is one with the surface of gneiss: in fact, only for the decidedly gritty character 
of the laminze it is difficult to say where the difference between quartzite and gneiss 
ceases. This lowest bed is, as is generally the case, conglomeratic in its lowest layers, 
and there are patches of the pebbly part still left along the boundary which are to all 
appearance part of the underlying rock, or baked into it. There is no doubt about 
this baked look all along from half a mile north of Poopalla to Beemanpully, about 
six miles. The lowest beds are more vitreous here than to the southwards. 
At two points, viz., about half a mile north of Chintalcheroo and 
Indications of old 1n the low hill immediately south of Beemanpully, 
۰ ino k. 1 1 
pruden the lowest beds are most highly conglomeratie, 
for about 20 yards in the first instance and about 50 in the second. 
These localities look as though they had been points where rivers or 
torrents had once poured their gravelly and shingly deposits just on 
to the shore of the then sea, or they may have been shingle banks 
collected along the shore. 
