J 
CHAP. 9.] KADAPAH FORMATION.—PAUPUGNEE BEDS : SERPENTINE. 163 
The action of the intrusive flows of trap upon the beds of this 
Intrusive character of Series is very well shown both above and below 
ep: the greenstone sheets ; but it is strange how they 
have run so evenly with the stratification. In no section have we seen 
any case of trap cutting clear up across the beds: and yet as the 
maps were worked out, it became evident that the flows must have 
crossed, though ata very low angle, from one set of beds to another ; or, as 
is more probable, that the edges of different sheets have come in contact 
with each other at certain points as they were poured in between the beds. 
There may of course be many cases of cutting up across the beds 
Iv RARIOR AMNEM | hidden by debris ; but it is curious that we have seen 
pataeross the: beds, none in this belt, which was very carefully examin- 
ed. Indeed, it seems very evident that these intrusive traps were poured 
in between beds of both these limestones and of the upper quartzites at 
one and the same period. At the southern end, in the neighbourhood of 
Bonalla and Wobiapully, some ten miles south of the Chittravutty, all the 
trappean outcrops of the Paupugnee are dying out northwards, and appear 
to some extent to cut up at very acute angles into the strata of the superin- 
eumbent group; while in the Puspulla ridge, on the north side of the east- 
west valley of that name leading to Banaganpilly, there is an analogous case. 
In the first region, the country is largely obscured by debris, and 
the absolute continuity of the Paupugnee traps into those of Bonalla, if 
it exist, is not seen. On the other hand, the great flows in the Puspulla 
ridge are comparatively clear ; at least 1t is certain that they ocedr between 
strata of the ridge quartzites, between the quartzites and the limestone 
of the subjacent series, and between the limestones themselves: and these 
apparently different flows are all traceable into a broad outcrop of green- 
stone bands, which are partially obscured by recent travertin deposits.* 
Further west-south-west of this point, opposite Jelldoorga, there is 
another very eomplieated arrangement of quartzites, slates, limestones, 
* The outcrop of greenstone in the quartzites comes in contact with the outcrop of trap 
between the quartzites and the subjacent limestones: and there is no trace of any interine- 
diate band of quartzites between trap flows on the western side of the ravine.—W. K. 
(des 5 
