189 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART III. 
limestones and volcanic ejections. These are most largely displayed in 
the broad valley erossed by the Penn-air, west-north-west of Cuddapah, 
of which Taudapurtee* is the principal town. The rocks are continuous 
in their outerop for a long distance, until towards Kurnool they become 
covered up by the newer formation, though they are again traceable in 
the Kistnah, where they eventually die out and are overlapped by 
superincumbent beds of a higher group. ‘Towards Cuddapah they are 
again completely covered up by the Karnúrs of the Cuddapah basin; 
but apparently come again to light in the slate band with limestone 
under the quartzite of Polleonda hill. The lowest beds, or a thin set 
of pale-colored fine shales, rest quite easily and naturally on the Poola- 
vaindla beds; and there does not appear to be any unconformity between 
them and the quartzites on which they lie. 
The series is mainly made up of fine slaty shales, with bands of flags 
Chutaeler ET and thin beds of fine quartzite sandstone, ın which 
des sues. are a good number of intrusive and of contem- 
poraneous runs of greenstone, with which are associated other volcanic 
deposits. Near the base of the fine shales is a band of suberystalline 
limestone beds, with which are intercalated thin layers of felstone or 
petrosilex, over which come two thick flows of greenstone. Between 
this trap and another thick flow, some 400 or 500 feet higher up in 
the series, comes a peculiar set of well marked ferruginous chert and 
jasper beds with sandstones and shales. These with the great flow of 
trap are again succeeded by an immense thickness of thin-bedded 
shales, sands, flaky granulated shales (which are probably ‘ashes’), 
silieio-felspathie layers, and a few flows of hornblendie rocks which fill 
up the wider open belt of this valley between the western ridges and 
the more inland run of hills of Beddadoor, Condapooram, &e. At the 
base of this inner line of hills is a second series of limestone beds with 
silicio-felspathie bands, ashes, felspathie sandstones, and two and some- 
* A taluq village of the Bellary District. 
( 182 ) 
