184 - KING: KADAPAIL AND KARNUL FORMATIONS. [PART ۰ 
rocks. The other and easier surfaces of weakness are of course those of 
jointing, which is very often strong in three main directions, viz. : east- 
west, north-south, and diagonally. The finer shales—often on the 
exposed slopes in wet weather almost like hardened mud—are very friable 
and break up in the spicular form already described. This last variety 
is mostly in the upper part of the series. The strongest development 
of cleavage, and this is not much, occurs in the north-eastern part 
of this belt of outcrop under and alongside the Paneum hills, and 
more particularly in the fine valley of denudation on the north-west flank 
of the Oondootla plateau. 
The slaty shales just described form by far the greater portion of the 
whole series subjacent to the quartzites of Gundy- 
Peculiar variety of 
shales similar to others cotta; but there are other shales intercalated 
in Gwalior rocks of 
Central India. with these which are very peculiar and interesting, 
for they have no representatives anywhere else in the KapDapan forma- 
tion except at the western side of the Kistnah Nullamullay range. 
They are, at the same time, remarkably like some shales, also associated 
with traps, which occur in one of the groups of a series of rocks in 
Central India provisionally called * Gwaliors’* which are of much older 
age than the VINDHYANS. 
They are, when weathered,+ softish, well-laminated, fine-grained and. 
compact, or coarse and flaky, shales of all sorts of brown, purple, red, 
and grey colors, and either speckled, or full (in the planes of lamina- 
tion) of minute rudely-shaped spheroids or ellipsoids of often the same 
composition as the rock itself, and varying from the minutest size up 
to that of a small pea. As a rule, these lapilli-hke granules are small; 
* My colleague, Mr. C. Hacket, has been working at these rocks near Gwalior; and it 
was from comparison with his specimens (mottled and speckled granulated shales) which are 
generally much more clearly “ashes” than my mottled shales, that I was confirmed in the 
idea that the flaky shales of Tádapurtee valley must have been “ashes " or fine voleanic 
dust.—W. K. 
See Records, Geological Survey of India, Vol. III. 2. 1870. 
+ Otherwise, they are of all degrees of compactness. 
) ۸ ( 
