CHAP. 3.] KADAPAH FORMATION.—CHEY-AIR BEDS. 185 
and they are not always clearly distinguishable as separate bodies in the 
mass of the shale, but seem to run in with the flaky layering. 
They are always well bedded, and occur throughout the series from 
the lower traps up to above the higher flows. There js no arrangement 
of them in separate bands, they occur in rapid succession and shade 
down or up into ordinary shales without a trace of the granular or 
nodular structure; having sands and silicio-felspathic bands frequently 
intercalated with them. They perhaps show strongest in their granular 
structure when in close proximity with the flows of greenstone. The 
more minutely nodular varieties are often flaky, and resemble some of the 
‘ashes’ described as occurring among the Silurian rocks of Wales.* 
Ripple marks are occasionally common among the more flaggy beds of 
these shales. 
The best localities in which to see these supposed <“ ashes? are at 
Beddadoor hill, on the left bank of the Chittravutty, or in the neigh- 
bourhood of Cauvarysamoodra, four or five miles north of Taudapurtee. 
In Biddadoor hilly a few of the beds (cropping up near the base of the 
western slope) are quarried for a finely speckled red, green, yellow, 
and dark colored shale, which is quite greasy and soapy to the touch, 
and soft enough when dug out to be cut with a knife: This is a more 
compact form of these beds. 
The lapilli-like granules are generally of a darker color than the 
rock itself, most frequently dark green or nearly black in color. On 
careful examination, with a magnifier, of freshly 
Possibly ‘ashes.’ 
1 fractured surfaces, the granules are found to be 
* See Memoirs, Geological Survey of Great Britain, Vol. III, pp. 64, 81, 93, 112, &c. 
t Captain Newbold gives an account of this hillin his * Notes, principally geological, 
across the Peninsula of Southern India," (Jour. As. Soc. Bengal, Vol. XIV, p. 410). He 
refers to these spotted shales, and has called the variety worked by the stone-carvers in the 
village “ Figure stone.” He notes also the intrusive character of the trap in this hill. 
The carvings made at this village from the spotted talcose or rather steatitie stone 
are very good, and the color of the stone is pretty; but the weight of the material is too 
great, except for small images, which are the favourite subjects. 
Z (HO) 
