318 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART III, 
made up of these quartzites which Mr. Foote has examined and 
thus describes :— 
“The Byrenconda quartzites occur in several detached areas of various shapes 
The Yellaconda beds, 224 sizes, of which there are four principal ones and several 
XD. BODES moies, small outliers. The principal are:—The Byrenconda ridge 
with the Chellumconda and Cumbum tank-bund ridge; the Moaksheegoondum hills; the 
Unkalumma Condas; and the northern part of the Yellacondas. The outliers are 
the Gooral Conda, the Timapore outlier, and the western and central ridges of the 
Kullsapad hills. 
“Tn lithological and petrological characters, the Byrencondas do not differ from 
the Nemillygoondums ;* and there is also a remarkable similarity in the several 
exposed areas of this formation however widely separated from each other. The 
most characteristic members of the group are typical quartzites, generally fine-grained 
and with waxy semi-vitreous lustre; but besides, there are beds with an admixture 
of micaceous scales in varying proportions. Other beds of lesser frequency show an 
admixture of argillaceous or talcose particles: sometimes, indeed, both are present, 
forming a taleose silicious schist which may or may not graduate, as the case may be, 
into slates. A few beds of true slates are here and there found among the great 
quartzite masses, but they are generally of trivial importance. A few of the beds 
contain grains of peroxide of iron sufficient to color them of a dark steel-blue or grey." 
The stratigraphy of the Byrencondas in the Yellacondas is very 
Desde ی‎ 
Sit oen. of Me complicated; but here again, it is necessary to 
Yellacondas obscure. give Mr. Foote’s own observations, more particu- 
larly as he was at the time of survey inclined to look on the southern 
extension of the Yellacondas as of the same group. 
* The structure of the Yellaconda range must now be entered into and explained 
as far as possible. The great number of foldings of the KADAPAH Rocks in the 
Cumbum taluq, many on a gigantie scale, fully indicate some still grander phenomena 
of the same kind in the Yellaconda range ; and it is found that in many places there is 
ocular proof of huge foldings ; while in many others only the assumption of such foldings 
will explain the singular relation of the formations which compose the mass of the range. 
“The structure of the range will be most easily explained by giving a series 
of sections across it, constructed from observations along great part of the ridge, from 
the Sheetarampoor Ghat, opposite Porenaumla, to the Vamalapaud pass, near the 
extreme northern end of the Yellacondas. One of the clearest sections across the 
* A higher series. 
+ There are some beds of quartzites in this group, though such are not confined to it, which are on 
weathered surfaces mottled all over with spots of brown peroxide of iron about the size of peas, though 
internally one cannot recognize any such arrangement of the peroxide of iron contained in the stone. The 
iron is finely distributed among the grains of the unweathered rock,—W. K. 
(mS) 
