202 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNUL FORMATIONS. [PART II1. 
upper surface of the great plateau-range of hills down into which the 
Kistnah has worked its channel. ۱ 
This series of quartzites, slates with intermediate bands of 
quartzites and hard quartzose beds, and quartzites 
again, is complete in itself in the great plateau ; 
Unconformable to Cum- 
bums. 
and it certainly seems, along the northern part of the Dorenall valley 
and in the upper part and north-west slopes of the Waumyconda range, 
to be unconformable to the Cumbum slates; while at the western end, 
or in the Irlaconda, the series overlies spotted shales and traps, which 
certainly appear to be Tadapurtees or Poolumpetts. In the Waumy- 
conda range, the strata have been crushed up and folded with the slates, 
so that they seem to be conformable with them; but it is quite 
evident in several of the valleys that they overlie different bands of the 
Cumbum slates. For instance, in the neighbourhood of Kakeralla pass, 
and in the much folded part of the range east of it, the quartzites 
are sometimes immediately overlying limestones, and again for long 
distances overlying slates of different kinds. 
In traversing the basin-shaped plateau north of Doorgapaconda 
the upper part is found to be entirely of the highest 
white quartzites, and these extend westwards up to 
and beyond Sreeshalum* or Parrawaltoon Pagoda. At Shigaram 
Sreeshalum plateau. 
Pagoda (the highest point of the plateau) a few miles east of Sree- 
shalum, there is a break in the uniformity of the flat lie of the beds, 
due to a sharp anticlinal which becomes a contorted fold further north 
in the head valley of the Kolumnullah. The great river to the westward 
of Doorgapaeonda has eut down through these quartzites and the 
* One of the most sacred places on the Kistnah, or (as it is often called by the people) 
Kishnah or Krishna, to which enormous numbers of pilgrims resort annually from great 
distances. When I was there in February 1869, at the commencement of the pilgrim 
season, most of the people assembled were from the Beejapoor country. An interesting 
account of this pagoda is given in the Madras Jour. Lit. & Sci., 3rd Ser., Pt. 2, p. 126, 
1866, from the late Captain Nelson's notes. W. K. 
( 259 ( 
