CHAP. 5.] KADAPAH FORMATION.—KISTNAH BEDS. 257 
the contained fragments being of all colors, principally reds, while the 
flowing water has polished great surfaces of rock until the river-bed is 
quite a smooth and brilliantly colored mosaic of pebbles of chert, jasper 
and quartzite, in a generally flesh-colored ground. Along the north- 
western edge, on the Hyderabad side of the river, the lowest beds are 
generally coarse sandstones and grits with only a few pebble beds ; 
while eastward of the Dindee river, there are a good many bands of red 
sandy shales associated with the thin beds of quartzite. 
From the Dindee, eastwards, the lowest beds are resting for the 
most part on an almost perfectly flat floor of 
_ Floor of crystallines. 1 N 1 DEA j 
crystalline rocks (granitoid gneiss). This junction 
of the two different series of rocks seems quite strange after the generally 
undulating, or irregular, bottom on which the sedimentaries are seen to 
lie 1n the western scarps from Kurnool southwards. The granitoid gneiss 
Traces of marine de- itself may often be taken at a distance for a lower 
RO UP. conformable deposit, there being locally in it some 
semblance to flat bedding. It seemed to Mr. Foote and myself that here 
were traces of a plane of marine denudation, over which these higher 
beds of the xApAPAHs had been deposited. The subsequent sub-aérial 
denudation has produced no surfaces hke that on which these quart- 
zites were deposited 1n this part of the field. 
In the Waumyconda range on the south side of the Palnád, these 
CE 9 eds oda lower quartzites are again seen, but not to any great 
Waumyconda. extent. They form apparently the set of quartzites 
which is below the series of slates of which the quartzites of the Waumy- 
conda itself form the eapping; and they are very possibly the lower 
band of quartzites seen in the pass whichleads from Mellavagu down to 
Karampudi in the south-eastern part of the Palnád. It is quite impos- 
sible to speak decidedly as to the different bands of quartzites in the 
Waumyconda, for they are broken very often in their outcrop, and they are 
folded back on each other, particularly, about the middle of the range. 
2 ۳۱ ۵ 5) 
