PART IV. 
CHAPTER 1.—BOUNDARIES, FAULTS, Contortions, &c. 
Whether there be such continuous faulting as Mr. Foote has inferred 
Of the eastern faulted from his survey of the eastern edge of the 
were country, or that there are only local dislocations at 
frequent points along this line, it is certain that there was a considerable 
amount of faulting with down-throw of the rocks on the west side of the 
line; which down-throw, even at the southern end, amounts to at least 
` 1,000 feet. Further north this was much increased, up to some 20 miles 
north of the Penn-air, where the throw amounted at least to the thickness 
of the Nullamullay beds and their overlying quartzites in this part of the 
Yellaconda ridge, at least 2,500 feet. North of this again the amount of 
throw must have decreased quickly, for only the Nullamullay beds seem 
to have been affected, and they are thinning out in this direction. 
It becomes then a matter of interest to know in what manner the 
Throw and its direc. rocks were displaced by these faults, for there are, 
ten partieularly in the more northerly part of the field, 
certain anomalous relations of these features not at all consistent with 
the resemblance of the strata to other groups in more typical parts of 
the area, or with the actual order of the beds. 
It will be shown presently how these peculiar instances of superpo- 
sition and resemblance render the Palnád or extreme north-eastern field 
of the kanaPAH and KARNUL rocks a perfect puzzle in the attempt to 
correlate its strata, of which Mr. Foote and I are only able to advance 
very doubtful solutions. 
There was undoubtedly a down-throw in nearly every case on the 
west side of the faults; but it is not at all clear how the plane of 
fracture haded, or dipped. The apparent conclusion is that the fault- 
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