260 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNÜL FORMATIONS. [PART IV, 
plane was either vertical or at some inclination in the direction of the 
down-throw side, 2. e., with a hade to the westward. "There is not a 
single section along the whole of this line showing how this really is, 
and we are thus driven to speculate on the matter. 
The whole series of KADAPAH rocks evidently occupies a much 
Considerations as tothe less space (in the Nullamullay area) from east to 
underlie of the faults, 
now undulated and folded up against themselves and one another. There- 
fore there must have been some movement to have brought this about. 
The folding of the strata is multiplied the nearer the eastern edge 
of the field is approached, while on the western side, the beds are lying 
comparatively undisturbed. Therefore the movement must have come 
from the side where the folding is greatest. The movement then was 
from the east. 
Let the movement be kept in action, and eventually the most bent, 
and stretched strata must fall over with a hade to the eastward, and 
possibly break and slide over one another in the direction of the planes 
of folding. 
In the he of the strata under discussion the folds are stretehed and: 
bent over on one another in many sections exposed 
Reduplication of strata. 
such folds is not so easily or frequently recognizable. There are, however, 
examples in the Waumyconda range of hills* where there is certainly 
reduplication of the strata to a good extent, as in the following sections 
(see figs. 40, 41, 42, 43), wherein the band of limestones near Kakeralla, 
which in the mountain mass to the north-east is very sharply bent back 
on itself, is in the lofty quartzite ridges to the south-west absolutely | 
doubled into what appears to be one set of beds dipping at an angle of 60° 
to 70° south-south-east; or else this sharp bend is fractured, and the two 
* South-eastern side of the Palnád. 
(. 260. ) 
west than it originally did, in that the groups are. 
to view in the side valleys, but the fracturing of. 
