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264 KING: KADAPAH AND KARNUL FORMATIONS. [PART Iv. 
the lie of the strata until now, while the middle and northern parts 
of the eastern side have been crushed up and now occupy a smaller space, 
as in fig. ۰ 
rT TT 
= / = a ر‎ = 
Fig. 47. aand b. Ideal sections of the KADAPAH ROCKS, as deposited, and after contortion. 
The western side was then comparatively stationary, while the folded 
strata of the eastern side indicate where the greatest amount of move- 
ment was and whence it came. 
Wherever there has been faulting when the beds are clearly in- 
Vertical throw incon. Verted, a vertical fault is inconsistent with any 
sp INBE fracture arising directly from the curvature of the 
beds, for this fracture would be preferably along the axis-planes of 
curvature ; similarly in the case before us a fracture with a hade to the 
westward would be as incompatible with curves of the actual form ; such 
could only take place in simple curves, or in such as leaned over to east- 
ward. Many of the faults in the area now treated of, and particularly 
the cross-faults, are doubtless not referrible to flexure; but a great many 
doubtless are, and in such cases it seems more reasonable to look on the 
planes of dislocation as hading with the axis-planes of flexure, which 
in the northern part of the field are reversed, and thus give a tendency 
for the older groups, and the much older crystallines, to be found over- 
lying the newer rocks. It is true that no cases are exposed of the 
gneiss lying on the quartzites; but the gneiss is very close to these 
rocks, which dip down towards it. 
( 264 ) 
