EVOLUTION OF COLOR PATTERN IN LITHOCOLLETIS. 117 
tubiferella (Fig. 65), aceriella (Fig. 66) and hamameliella (Fig. 67), these 
fascie are straight and but little oblique. In tubiferella (Fig. 65), they are the 
only white markings, except sometimes a very small white dot near the apex. 
In aceriella (Fig. 66) and hamameliella (Fig. 67), there are, in addition, an 
oblique white streak at the base of the dorsum, a longer oblique dorsal streak at 
the tornus and a small white streak opposite it on the costa. Ostryarella (Fig. 
68), corylisella (Fig. 69), esculisella (Fig. 70) and guttifinitella (Е ig. 71) constitute 
a closely related series, separated from one another by small differentiations. 
In these species, the two fasciæ are bent outwardly below the costa, scarcely 
enough to be called angulated. In guttifinitella, the pale streak at the base of 
the dorsum is almost or sometimes entirely wanting. In lentella (Fig. 73) and 
caryefoliella (Fig. 72), the fascix are distinctly angulated. 
In cincinnatiella (Fig. 75), macrocarpella (Fig. 74), saccharella (Fig. 76), 
hamadryadella (Fig. 77), umbellularie (Fig. 78) and agrifoliella (Fig. 79), at least 
one of the two white fasciz has become acutely angulated. In hamadryadella 
(Fig. 77) and umbellularic (Fig. 78), the white fascia at the base is preserved to the 
costa, although in wmbellularia, it is almost separated into two parts. Inagrifoliella 
(Fig. 79), the position of this fascia is indicated by two patches of dark seales which 
would form its external margin. In Aamadryadella (Fig. 77), very complete 
internal margins to the white fascie have developed; the ground color has, 
however, shrunk away toward the base, so that the line of dark scales extends 
through the middle of a broad white band. In cincinnatiella (Fig. 75) and 
macrocarpella (Fig. 74), the two fasciæ are uniformly angulated; the white patch 
at the base does not reach the costa. The costal arm of the first fascia of 
saccharella (Fig. 76) is wanting, its dorsal arm is very oblique and confluent with 
the oblique basal streak. 
A group of species comprising fletcherella (Fig. 80), arcuella (Fig. 81), betuli- 
vora (Fig. 82), australisella (Fig. 83), bethunella (Fig. 84), chambersella (Fig. 85), 
cervina (Fig. 86), platanoidiella (Fig. 87), castanecella (Fig. 88) and fasciella (Fig. 
89) retains but the single median fascia, sometimes almost divided at its angle. 
A pair of opposite oblique streaks represent the former complete fascia at the 
basal fourth of the wing in the five first mentioned species of this group; in the 
remaining five, the costal streak only is present. In castanecella (Fig. 88) and 
fasciella (Fig. 89), there has been an extensive progressive diminution in the white 
markings; the median fascia is the only white marking remaining in fasciella. 
In gaultheriella (Fig. 91) and nemoris (Fig. 90), there is no median fascia; 
instead of it a pair of costal and dorsal streaks. In nemoris, the first pair of 
streaks meet, forming a fascia; in gaultheriella, they are separate. 
Lastly, there is that group of four species, in which a white longitudinal 
streak extends from the base along the dorsal margin, reaching to or beyond the 
middle. These are mediodorsella (Fig. 92), quercivorella (Fig. 93), ulmella (Fig. 
95) and conglomeratella (Fig. 94). In the two former, this streak stops abruptly 
at the middle of the dorsal margin; in mediodorsella (Fig. 92), it connects with 
