180 ABORIGINAL SITES ON TENNESSEE RIVER. 
In the Twelfth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology are 
aecounts of the exploration of a few sites along Tennessee river in Tennessee 
and in Alabama. 
In the Smithsonian Reports are accounts of (a) the exploration of the mounds 
near Citico creek,' Hamilton Co., in the outskirts of Chattanooga (1867, p. 401 
et seq.) ; (b) the group of mounds at Savannah, Tenn., already noted (1870, p. 408 
et seq.), and (c) the mounds on the Williams Farm, Hardin Co. (p. 416 et seq.). 
In Catalogue of Prehistoric Works East of the Rocky Mountains, by Cyrus 
Thomas, are noted a number of mounds along Tennessee river, most of which 
have been referred to by authorities already cited. The exact location of some 
of these mounds is at present hard to determine, owing to change of ownership, 
a diffieulty not easily overcome, however, in the ease of mounds of moderate 
size not on some island or near a town or the union of streams. 
General Thruston (op. cit.) speaks of the mounds at Savannah (p. 43), and 
refers to a group near Johnsonville, Tenn. (p. 46), which probably are the mounds 
at Dixie Landing, Humphreys Co., described by us. There are also references 
to various aboriginal artifacts found along Tennessee river, including two stone 
pipes, one from near Kingston, Tenn. (Fig. 85), the other from near Chattanooga 
(Fig. 101). 
Practically no description of the archeology of northern Alabama, which 
includes part of Tennessee river, has been published hitherto. 
For a description of Ohio stone graves not of the box-grave variety but of 
irregular forms (and it is irregular forms one finds as a rule in northern Alabama 
and in eastern Tennessee, as we know), consult Gerard Fowke, “Archaeological 
History of Ohio," Chant AL 
Tennessee river (as before stated, 652 miles in length) was investigated by 
us, practically through all of Илшат. February, March, April, and November, 
1914, and January, February, March, and April, 1915, the stream having been 
thrice gone over in the interest of our investigation: once, as we shall detail, by 
our agents, and twice by our expedition—the journey up and the journey down. 
The whole river was carefully searched in advance of our coming by Mr. J. $. 
Raybon (who later commanded the steamboat during the period of our archzo- 
logieal work on Tennessee river) and a companion, in the summer of 1913, and 
by them the exact situation of mounds and dwelling-sites was determined, with 
the names and addresses of their owners, to whom requests for permission to 
investigate were sent by us. 
In former years, as a rule, permission has been readily obtained, but while 
many owners along Tennessee river sent affirmative replies, some refused, 
while a fair proportion failed to respond, even though addressed a second time. 
Such of these as were called upon by us and found at home (absentees were nu- 
merous and some lived beyond our reach) usually gave consent. 
1 Another Citico creek, which empties into Little Tennessee river and has a mound near it, is 
described in the Twelfth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology. 
лар АЙ NU Ic Uie afe о At fp. zi aaa 
| 
Т 
| 
