354 ABORIGINAL SITES ON TENNESSEE RIVER. 
over and around the skull, which was in fragments when found, as shown in the 
illustration. No artifacts of any kind lay with this burial. 
The dwelling-site, of limited extent, but which perhaps had been in part 
submerged when the dam caused the rise in the river at this place, was of sandy 
loam and was known in the vicinity as a place where bones had been exposed by 
plowing. 
Fifty-one trial-holes, however, showed that burials were widely apart in it, 
only four being found, as follows: one partly flexed to the right, which had been 
somewhat disturbed by cultivation; another ly- 
ing with the trunk face down, the lower extrem- 
ities closely flexed to the right, the upper arms 
parallel to the trunk, having the forearms flexed 
against them, this burial being in a pit 15 inches 
below undisturbed ground which, at that spot, 
was 32 inches deep; a third burial, 27 inches 
down, being a skull and thoracic parts with the 
upper-arms, the rest of the skeleton having been 
cut away by a pit which contained no burial; 
and, lastly, a skeleton closely flexed on the right, 
the head ESE., 3.5 feet deep, the last 18 inches 
of which being the depth of a grave extending 
into the sand underlying the field. 
Several arrowheads or knives, of flint, were 
found in the soil apart from burials, as was an 
interesting object of claystone, shown in Fig. 80, having a part missing when dis- 
covered, which has since been restored, none of this part, however, showing in 
the illustration. 
Fic. 80.— Object of claystone. 
White Place, Tenn. (Full size.) 
WILLIAMS ISLAND, HAMILTON COUNTY. 
Williams Island, which belongs to Mr. Walter Hampton, of North Chatta- 
nooga, to whom we are indebted for permission to investigate a number of 
interesting sites on Tennessee river, is about five miles by water below Chatta- 
nooga. 
The island, which has a history, both local and otherwise, of aboriginal 
relics discovered there, is about two miles in length and one-half mile in maxi- 
mum width. 
Its principal aboriginal site is about half-way down the island, on the eastern 
side, bordering the water, and is a small field of rich, dark soil having some 
aboriginal debris scattered over the surface. In this field, near the water's 
edge, was a slight elevation in which, we were told, the principal digging had 
been done by those who had visited Williams Island in search of relics. 
Eight trial-holes were sunk by us in this elevation to underlying, undisturbed, 
yellow, sandy soil, which was reached at a depth of from 2 to 3 feet without 
