370 ABORIGINAL SITES ON TENNESSEE RIVER. 
The head was directed E. by N. This burial, which was without artifacts, lay 
at a depth of 28 inches. 
On the surface were picked up by our party twelve arrowheads or knives, of 
flint, all with shoulders or rudimentary shoulders, or with single shoulders (some 
having been made in this way). These twelve flints ranged in size between 
somewhat more than 1 inch and about 2 inches. The flint was variously black, 
pink, white, and shades of brown and gray. 
At the Citico site, which next will be described, and which is visible from 
Chattanooga, quantities of arrowheads were found, almost all of which are 
triangular, and all, save very few, are of black flint. These facts illustrate how 
difficult it would be to generalize as to this region. 
Стттсо! MOUND AND SITE, HAMILTON COUNTY. 
A short distance above the city of Chattanooga, in view from its water- 
works and from Tennessee river, is a mound in a large, cultivated field, belonging, 
at the time of our first visit, to Mr. George W. Gardenhire, of Chattanooga, 
and when the place was again visited by us, to the Montague estate, represented 
by Mr. N. Thayer Montague, of Chattanooga. The mound, which takes its 
name from nearby Citico creek, 15.5 feet in height, has been quadrangular with 
a flat top, but as every part of its surface has been under cultivation, the corners 
of the mound are now rounded, though the sides are astonishingly steep consider- 
ing the plowing and subsequent wash of rain to which they must have been sub- 
jected. In basal diameter the mound is 110 feet by 145 feet; the summit- 
plateau in corresponding directions, 71 feet by 42 feet. 
The investigation of the mound described by Mr. M. C. Read in the Smith- 
sonian Report for 1867, tells of a tunnel carried into the mound, of skeletons 
found below the base, and of the discovery of post-holes, ete. 
Probably a structure of some kind had existed and burials had been made 
beneath it, or it had been erected over burials and the mound had been built 
around and above the structure. 
The mound, however, was domiciliary and not a burial mound, as an excava- 
tion 12 feet square sunk by us to a depth of 12 feet from the center of the summit- 
plateau encountered no interments or signs of interments. Evidence of former 
1 The Citieo mound described here, and the creek of that name which is referred to, as we have 
stated before, must not be confused with others of like name described in the 12th Annual Report of 
the Bureau of American Ethnology, pp. 373 and 375. The Citico creek there mentioned, near which 
a Citico mound is, flows into Little Tennessee river and the mound is near the junction in Monroe 
County, Tenn. Little Tennessee river enters the Tennessee opposite Lenoir City. The Citico mound 
in Monroe County is referred to by Cyrus Thomas in his “Catalogue of Prehistoric Works," p. 210. 
For the name Citico (Si'tikü") see Mooney in 19th An. Rep. Bur. Am. Ethn., p. 531. The Citico 
mound near Chattanooga, in Hamilton County, examined by us, is described in the Smithsonian 
Report for 1867, p. 401 et seq., and is referred to by Cyrus Thomas in 5th An. Rep. Bur. Am. Ethn., 
р. 77 et seq. 
