150 
widening of streets with a view to leafy avenues 
is doubtless costly, and may, in а tew 
be beyond the reach of the community, but 
for each noble tree-lined thoroughfare pene- 
trating our most densely populated urban 
districts, there has been, and will ever be, а 
notable decrease í in our doctor’s bills—an advan- 
е, to say the least, inversely proportionate 
To dweller and 
an 
benefit is admittedly immense. This — 
ment, this hygienic improvement of o , 
should be more cultivated by all cd bodies 
” of vast, if not of para- 
the rates, even though slightly inoreased, woul 
be more cheerfully 
It should ae true of every city, that 
i i point of 
is visible, Where little has yet been done, it 
will be necessary to set aside annually the sum 
of £1300 for a town of 50,000 (this is an average 
sum, and must vary with the extent of pleasure 
grounds), and from £200 to £250 for eaoh 
10,000 additional inhabitants. Leta good gar- 
may safely be accorded in the management of - 
all the public pleasure-grounds, as well as of the 
street plantation, Then, not even the poor 
The most 
of good 
soil to the extent of from one-third to one-half. 
Some large German cities (Dresden and Mag- 
de , having to deal with hungry sand, under- 
lain only a at a great depth by clay, have boldly 
inaugurated a system of underground watering, 
and this, though at present only tentative, has 
so far (some eight years) given results, 
The system may be дагаа explained, TT 
city water-m tapped 
brem conduit at the € of 
a street, and from this diverge the tree-feeders 
at regular distances of 8 feet, their contents dis- 
charging themselves slowly through a small bed 
of old mortar into the prepared ground. The 
whole system lies only 15 inches beneath the 
surface, is ventilated by upright open shafts at 
every 1l учои сер э; оё course, emptied by а 
stop-cock in 
. Some fine uec occupying corners or paved 
square centres are deemed worthy of a а separate 
‘ith verionl аа well ss horizontal t 
vides, and at differing 
ron tubes id 
could, perhaps, take care of themselves, if given 
liberal breathing and drinking space around 
their stems. 
The average cost of tree up to two years, 
See ee situations within 
` seem ne be from 18s. to 205, 
As to the best kinds of tree for the p 
њи 0 that six 5 
comprising Oak, Elm, Horse Ghent „Ash, Lime, 
THE 
* leaders. 
GARDENERS’ 
Maple, Plane, and Syoamore, find places in ihe 
interior; all the rest—the Servioe, the Mountain 
Ash, the Hawthorn (red and white), Beech and 
обоа, Birch, Acer Negundo, black and silver 
Portas Willows, and shade Acacias, the smaller 
and more pendent trees, in the outlying streets 
and suburbs. 
The кенер: Oaks bear town life almost, if 
not quite as well, as the favourite Acer dasy- 
carpum, which is at once the most attractive 
and the most tractable, as sage as mere foliage 
goes, Other Acers, such as pictum, are much 
esteemed.  /Esoulus, of ийле. "attics and de- 
lights us all in the spring with the grandest 
flourish, and the most handsome exhibit of its 
kind in the world; but the Ash, “ queen of к=: 
forest,” deigning also to reign here, outdistanoe 
Horse Chestnut in autumn 
ees whatever their root 
advantages, will grow well under the shade of a 
solid phalanx of high buildings, unless planted 
at a minimum distance of 6 yards therefrom, and 
line a street at least 12 yards between their 
rows, From the edge of the pavement they 
must be set а fully 24 inches, or they will, 
sooner or later, suffer Bee damage from 
overladen or swaying waggon 
The trees once planted, die) apu are 
sufficient to take charge of as many as 
found in an average town of 100,000 inhabitants, 
unless underground watering be in vogue, when 
another will be required. The duties of these 
are the following :— 
Spring : Bind the nurselings with list, and 
syringe. Stake substantially and fasten seourely 
with strips of strongest sail-cloth (sometimes 
waterproofed), nailing the ends to the stakes, 
Whilst sap is rising, tar promptly all barked spots 
on tranks, including the torn bark edges, Dish 
+h RIS E 2 kh 1 t£ 
roots; or, in case of completed paving, lift gratings 
and remove rubbish. As summer , lop 
some lower boughs of all in vigorous growth, to 
drive them upward. Syringe as N as 
possible throughout pos first yea 
winter, re-stake, re-tie, prune, 2 and see to 
ers. In botanical and horticultural matters 
generally, England i is now admittedly i in the van 
of progress; but in forestry, as in urban tree 
decoration, she has yet to steal a march on some 
of her continental neighbours. Some few of 
treeless town more unsightly by contrast; and 
the extraordinary rapidity of our journeys—of 
our transitions from town to country, and vice 
versd—make the contrast yet more noticeable, 
Let us yet again in this matter signalise our- 
selves. In every fresh step towards priority of 
merit, we shall ourselves reap all the advan vantage, 
NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PLANTS, 
TCHIHATCHEWIA ISATIDEA.* 
Tue firat thing the English reader will ask when 
he sees this impracticable name is how to pronounce 
it. Ags de Tchihatcheff was a naturalist of foremost 
rank, whose work on the взора hy of Asia 
is a standard production, очаи 1 
he is or was = bearer of : 
" A name which they all know 
-Bat re » one can speak e ww 
722 —— — as. 
* Tehihatchewia itatidea. pee у! 
М: 
ША. їп a ines a E ugust 1, б р. 351, 
Te я 
fi T 
des ые vol. iii., 1872, p. 261; Prantl, 
Theil, ce d iai p. 203 (1891). Funn 
CHRONICLE 
[Avevsr 10, 1895, 
In order to gain information as to the proper pro. 
nunciation, we applied to a Russian friend, 
whose instructions we arrived at Tché-hátch. of" 
with a strong stress on tbe second ayllable, as the 
nearest approach of which we are capable, The 
Latinised "ят botanical purposes ag 
“ Tchihatchewia ” ! 
For our а (fig. 29, p. 151) we am 
indebted to Mr. Lynch, the Curator of the Cam- 
bridge Botanic Garden, in ум ee it 
flowered this year, as also in F. Wilsons 
garden at метео It is a oi native of the 
mountains of Armenia on the e of the 
Euphrates, where it grows at a pec E 5000 to 
étres, and where it was discovered by 
Tchihatcheff. It was introduced into cultivation by 
Mr. Max Leichtlin, of Baden Baden, The plant it 
a dwarf biennial of tufted habit, with a fleshy tap. 
root, sessile, runcinate leaves, covered with 
white hairs. The flowers are numerous, in close 
terminal panicles, 20 centimétres across; each 
analytical details with which our own sketches, taken 
from the Cambridge Vip cue entirely correspond, 
M. Micheli says it is without doubt one of the 
prettiest rock plants yet — It likes full 
exposure to the sun, and its stout stalks bear 
innumerable rose-coloured flowers, which contrast 
with the long white hairs of the leaves, It is quite 
hardy, having survived the last winter at Genem 
without protection, 
The plant is one of botanical interest, and 
appears to be rare, Bentham and Hooker, in their 
G lantarwm, say that they had not seen it, 
and copied the description of Boissier, The co-oper — 
tion of horticulturists with botanists has here then, 
as in so many cases, been of special value to itm 
M, Z. M, 
per FRUIT CROPS. 
г last issue we gave a synopsis of the 
Ix 
numerous reports as to the condition of the fruit 
arts of Great 
T 
s uniform in ite character, and favourable as 
uk T" and quality. = 
The of flowering was later than usual, 
there was а mins general immunity from — 
severity was felt in certain | 
rated parts of the country. Eire " Phe 
The tabular matter alread ublish i 
УР and the great 
renders it unnecessary to publi 
tion of them, 
0, SCOTLAND, N. 
Moraysuire,—The fruit crops loo 
whole they are three weeks in advance of 
but the weather has been very unsteady ; hot ж A 
cold in turns, and Iate-keeping та varieties w! 
greatly by a warm, dry sutu Wn, Ogg, IMP 
House Gardens, Elgin. 
1. SCOTLAND, E 
ABERDERNSHIRE,—À few 
have a good erop, but atandard tre 
average, and the weather having been 
when they were = N growth is 
the set was a poo 5 ars had 
som, but that high эй їя fairly good in 
Piums and Cherries, fair crops, doi 
Forrest, Haddo House Gardens, A 
—— This is not a fruit district at all; 
berries are ап e 
Carran traw 
good — pe» M. Troup, — Te 
