390 
Deutzia Lemoinei x isan excellent shrub for forcing, 
ril, 1894, to 
house, they would flower much sooner. 
thus obtained are well formed, Bid laden with 
being encumbered by 
ide b 
multiplied for eie and will кы — 
D. gracilis, Ia the open n ground it needs no special 
с o it may 
eing m ‹ 
h more quickly, and of flourishing in 
any soil. Emile Lemoine, Nancy. 
VANILLAS OF COMMERCE: 
Tue August number of the Kew Bulletin co contains 
5 LI 
2 142 3 
more or less 
specie 
err in commerce, which has been prepared by Mr. 
R. A. Rolfe, A. L. S., Assistant in the Herbarium, who 
has also monographed the ens of the genus, fiity 
in чя for the Linnean Soci 
At ast five иа are said pe yield aromatic 
not сыа N aud practic y the source E 
the commercial product. The Миы. B. this plant 
is very interesting, and it is remarkable how long a 
time elapsed before the botanical source of the 
economic article was known. Ita ppears 
used by the Aztecs of Mexico as an 
chocolate prior to the ak of America by — 
„e who adopted i and that it wa 
ht to Europe ав a „ 1510, 
Cochi and Cacao, 
м 
at 1 zame time as 
and ten years before the arrival of Tobacco. Clusius 
pets мн В rat botanical notice on chia in Thecus 
ne M an 
пону to Queen Elizabeth, aud described pons 
unde name of Lobus aromaticus oblongus, 
a fruiting- branch under the name of “ Araco aroma- 
" The native name was given as Thiet 
bat its use аз а drug only ів mentioned. original 
figure was one of a series of 1200 executed in Mexico 
daring the previous century by the King of Spain. 
Ia 1658 Piso stated that the fragrant siliqua or pod 
was called by the Spaniards Vaynilla, and that it 
was used both 
und a large 
Mengen SE in the sun. The fruit 
ed as а little “cod,” growing on a small 
cn 
the first edition of Miller's Gar- 
appeared. In this work he states 
739, in which year 
deners' Werse 
that having received 
е they soon put out leaves and 
othin ng наг 1s recorded about them, and 
е that they were soon afterwards lost. 
— aoe of Vanilla had become 
THE GARDENERS’ 
M ризо: was described and figured by Andrews, 
ia 1808, from ешп which flowered in the col- 
lection of the Righ Hon. С. Greville, at Paddington, 
which had been eee by the Marquis of Bland- 
gave a considerable amount of information respecting 
the Vanillas of Mexico, and the latter described four 
new species, two of which, V. ары and V. sativa, 
d and cultivated forms 
be th 
one so long known as V. aromatic 
first m in producing fet in quantity and in 
proving . planifolia e source of the 
саре отд < à dirti method of culture 
he succeeded in obtaining fifty-four flowers on one 
plant, and by fertilising them artificially, obtained 
the same numb г of pods. A тоаг ar later he suc- 
ceeded in obtaining a crop of 100 i 
“Оа the Production of Vanilla i 
was read before the British Association at Newcastle 
in 1838, was remarkable in several respects. Besides 
proving the botanical source of the Vanilla of com- 
merces, and showing the need for artificial fertilisa- 
tion, he &'so succeeded in tracing his plant to the 
original one in the Right Hon. C. Greville s coliec- 
tion at Paddington. Id appears that Parmentier 
succeeded in obtainiog cuttinus of this — „E 
he confided to the cire of D. Sommé, Director of 
the Antwerp Botanic Garden, where it grew аа 
and slips were widely distributed in Belgium and 
Franca, though they very seldom flowered, and never 
fruited. Ia 1819 D. S»mmé sent two plants to the 
Datch colonies of Java, 
difficulty, got one there alive 
escorol 5 failed to fruit; and in 1825, Blame! 
Y ын 29 оа its history, мма 
de ifs as eT. virid 
А. very interesting ERES about the Pad- 
dington plant did not come out until many years 
afterwards, aad that ie, that in 1807, the very year 
in 
- 
4 
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= 
Te 
ad 
a 
с 
— 
a 
SM 
“ay Ф 
d. 
D 
= 
1 
D 
d 
"2 
a=) 
© 
E 
a 
a 
Bü 
p” 
£u 
ч 
> 
3 
a 
R 
9 
РУ 
m 
ancia id showing bo:h the flower 
iih fra How the flower became 
fertilised ic is — ei nor yet whether any aromatic 
2 
= 
‚© 
ave been a commercial pod, but the 
drawing — w that it was freah, besides showing the 
stalk by which it was attached, 3 ascribes the 
nion to planta 
obtained from Paris in 1822, which it is pretty cer- 
tain also came from the Paddington plant. He also 
states that they proved sterile until about the year 
11 or 1812, when a slave named Eiward Albins 
je imita a simple ud rapid method of fertilising 
the flowers artificially, which has been practised ever 
since! Нэ also states that artificial fertilisation waa 
first practised by Neumann in the саса дев Р 
though no mention is made of this by Morren. In 
— 
" 90 
Mexico and Central America Me is effected 
annt by small bees belongin genus 
е, which visit the flowers for the sake of th 
e 
mooie ы afford. Elsewhere artificial fertilisation 
With ed to the other species 
w 
fruits, it appears that pe ith economic 
аз an art 
of commerce, and are largely used in a fresh 9 
It is diffased from Mexico to Gaiana and Colombia, 
and ia cultivated in the West Indies, being the sourco 
of Weat Indian Vanilloes. Brazilian Vanilla is 
i, Rolfe, a species here 
. It has a 
probably used as an айй 
aud а Dew species Fred), 
dorata, 
Called Ү, вране А. Rolfe, 
CHRONICLE. 
have aromatic fruits, but are not known in 7 
An indigenous West mu species, TE 
апа, Rchb has been culti 
Vanilla plant, but has md perfume, According 
Humboldt, there is a Peruvian species with ar 
fruits, but nothing further is known about it 
it will appear that the author has br achten 
interesting and unexpected facts, Those who 
read the matter in full should refer to the 
paper. 
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE 
POISONING FROM EATING GR 
8 a bearing йге on the 
poisoning b dn appea 
Gardeners’ Nonii», t 
them, 
bu 
assume that the addition of pe (rcd. 
wine), which i is often practised, would ba un 
Riviera, 
whilst red wine (which poets love to quote) it? 
nourishing and fortifying, if taken in moders» 
Again we h 
many purposes, and the oil, which is ex і 
the seeds, and is used іп sout : 
illuminating purposes. Riviera. 
OXALIS TROPJEOLOIDES, 
I am sending you by "pedi a pias 
Се Aurora, and 0 fet Mes 
I wish to tell you t that her pie! 
^ 
= 
= 
= 
burg, [The specimens 
were exceedir P» pretty gun d bigh с 
