December 7, 1895.] 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
675 
have their heads covered e and assi aag ona 
А out of the earth. Se te holes t be dug, 
the roots well spread out all round, — ie. eart th 
жар, but firmly, pressed down all round 
want to procure the strongest and healthiest siio, 
which at the same time means large fruit. 
year. They should be planted a 4 to 2 feet 
apar he пега that are not required should be 
cut off as they appear, as they wea the 
ing out. 
ing the first crisp frosts in autumn, all runners 
and petes having been cleared away some time 
previously, and the ground between the rows lightly 
pointed over with а fork, turning in а little short 
rains лд 1 perfectly sweet by the spring, forming 
в close clean cushion for the fruit to rest upon. 
m 
the — of the plants crops—a most im- 
rtant point in dry, hot бла. 
the trouble of putting clean straw under the trusses 
of fruit, which is liable to be injured by the process, 
and prevents the untidy an О, caused by the 
atraw blowing about t the gar 
he best kinds to grow are: early—Noble, or 
Keen’s Seedling; medium—Sir Joseph Paxton; 
edt теме of All, or Waterloo, 
жанды ane 2 vel гөна 2 of fruit 
[| 1 culti- 
vate than do iie ems ап interior! kind, it is essential 
that Ко should be procured from growers’ of 
repute 
When a plot of ground is to be set out with trees 
it is better to commence —— the centre with 
the late-keeping kinds of fru as to enable the 
early kinds and those that are there samet off 
the tree e paths as possible when 
ot so much trampl 
when planted in the centre, 
All trees, as they com? from the nurserymen, have 
labels attached, which soon rot or become illegible, 
al of the interest is then lost, 
inds 
of n Smith, Royal Label — 
1 
Usvar Distances к 3 arai Енот 
Fenns ND Busu 
bushes on Grae 6 to 12 ft. apart. 
pata tine (elose- 
Apples, pyramid 
ed), 3 to 5 fe i 
и calor, a Sis ын 15 feet apart. 
= 
х 
адд eet apart. 
Rpricots against walls, 15 feet a 
Cherries, ditto, fan-trained, 15 feet apart, 
Hen ie or bushes, 6 feet apart, 
Carrants and Gooseberries, 4 to 6 feet apart. 
Figs табат walls, 10 feet apart, 
Filberts and Cob-nuts, 12 to 15 feet apart. 
uino and Peaches against walla, 15 feet apart. 
Pears, pyramids or bushes on Quince, 4 to 6 feet 
apart ; if on Pear, 6 to 12 feet apart, 
„ Cordons, upright or oblique, on walls, 2 ft. apart, 
j^ An € as edgings, 12 feet apart. 
„ Single, as edgings, 6 feet apart 
т pyramids or bushes, 6 to 10 feet apart. 
against walls, 15 feet apart, 
Fruit Trees SUITABLE ror SPECIAL АѕРЕСТЗ, 
North Walls, —For Morello Cherries, early Pears, 
Plums and Cherries for seeping: late Currants, and 
Gooseberries, as trained trees, 
East Walls.—For Plums, ad Cherries and Pears, 
early Carrants and Gooseber 
South Walls,—For 2 Fee es and Nec- 
tarines, very early and very late Pears, Plums, Grapes 
and Fi 
West Walls.—For Pears, Plums and Apricote, 
and the hardier Peaches, Nectarines, and ы Pears, 
For wails not facing the cardinal points, a co 
bean of the kinds may be tried; thus + north-west 
ould take those both north and west, а on, 
NUMBER OF gem P REQUIKED FOR 
iiri 
19 360 at 14 ft. apart for Siranberrie 
Ч ordon лыр or St rawberries, 
MEE s о 
2,722, 4 fe.) 
1742, 5%] " 
1,210,, 6 ft. b 
e 
Чо. до, do., or G ren 
{ and 
do., or partly-praned Pyra- 
mids, 
859 „7. ft. » Apples on Crab, 
680,, 8 ft. i do. do. 
537, 9 ft. m do, do. 
435 „10 ft. i» feathered Apples or Piume, 
360 „ 11 ft. is š Я 
302 „ 12 ft. i bush trees, pyramids, half- 
standards, and Nuts, 
257 „ 13 ft. i eapaliers, 
222,,14 ft. 
515- ft. ES standard Plume, Damson’, 
or red Cherries, 
170,,16 ft 1 do do. do. 
150 „17 ft. т до do, do. 
184,,18 fr. * do do. do. 
120 „ 19 ft. * do. do. do. 
108 „ 20 ft. т standard Apple, —— &c. 
75 , 24 ft. * d 
o., and Che 
48,,30 ft. " Cherries, 
40,,36 ft. Cherries, or large-growing 
Apples, 
36,,40 f » Cherries, or strong Pears. 
In plantations where there is both a top and 
bottom crop, the standards may be placed at the 
greater distances, recollecting that Apples and Pears 
give a heavier shade than Piums.* 
One of the beat books on the subject before us is, 
Profitable wing for Cot v re and S» 
Holders of Land, by John Wright, Н.8. 
lished by E. H. May, 171, Fleet — E. C 
was a prize essay, in competition with several — 
read before the Worshipful Company of Fruiterers 
in 1889. 
INDIA, 
MADRAS, 
Tue Proceedings of the Agri-Horticultural Society 
of Madras for April to June, 1895, include reports of 
the proceedings, notes on Araucaria seed, Euryale 
ferox, and Liberian Coffee, the last two items being 
of especial interest 
Тнк SUPERINTENDENT OF THE BARODA STATE 
GARD 
M, He eu] the 4 — Superintendent of 
o, after serving about twelve 
Mr. J. 
the State Gardens, wh 
years in Baroda, т 
ar e. left for England to start in business 
"br Ed the Royal Gardens, at Kew, in 1867, 
Mr. Henry was one of the oldest Kewites in India, 
e was, both as a gardener and a companion, highly 
eateemed and respected by all his numerous fri 
illustrated with practical demonstra 
of the various j — s ok grafting, samples of well and badly 
grown branches, besides a good collection of the above-nam 
ea 
ani everybody heartily joined in subscribing to a 
present eren of а very fine breakíast glass set 
in a silver їг 
Many of his m friends met at a dinner- 
= а. under т His Bihasa. has necessitated the 
ж Ds of other trained professionals to assist in 
rk, wə cannot forget that it was chi 
Heary who traced the ori 
and oth 
taste and marked effect. 
missed horticulturally, but also socially. He has kept 
up avery popular gymkhana for years, and his house 
has been an ever-open resort for his troops of friends, 
When he goes he will not leave a single enemy 
behind him at Baroda, but all of us who remain here 
will 538 him with love.“ 
enry, in hagis a said ; 
in Meere 1879, was only in 
By the generosity of — Maharajah i it vé now коз 
{о попе іп І Makar wildern 
which took you half a day * reach LW — of the 
badness of the roads, Now you may reach it in twenty 
d trap. When 
what ise! All the I paa 
— with, oe it was the to su 
palaces in olden times, cleared away ; in their — 
green lawne, — Palms, and flowering plants. 
Luxmi Velas is а new palace, the foundation of which 
was laid shortly after my arrival, Its tower, domes, 
and minarets are landmarks for miles bosomed high 
—* voice I om oa 
, 
tified and made a royal residence by the same hand. 
Time faila to enumerate all the improvements done 
and proposed to be done at Umrat, but 
more of the moat important I will mention. 
s that surround U wil 
for miles, now a sand 
2 hill- tops of the Kadi district are to be 
oadside trees ing planted in every distri 
— the heavy-laden and weary may lie down — 
rest. Plans and —€— аге in course of prepara- 
tion for gardens ks for every town of any size 
in the whole of om Maharsjah's domain, beginning 
w built, the estimate 
contains an item - the — of а garden. I 
trust my successo: beige], may be given 
the strength and dio length of life to see the fruits 
of his labour," 
THE DORMANT PERIOD IN 
PLANTS. 
A FRUITFUL cause of "failure in the cultivation of 
exotic plants is due to ignorance of the clima'al 
conditions under which the plants grow in the land 
re pretty clearly defined, — 
discard Wa foliage as the year’ 
declines, and appear during the winter either as 
leafleas objects or inconspicuous collections of 
— a n И ee Erer- 
green plants, on on the other their foliage 
till the spring, but only, as it — и 
оп1 persisting by ite own inherent toughn This 
is easily seen by our familiar Christmas decorations 
where the Holly, Ivy, Laurels, &c., last green for 
ed in hot, dry rooms, = у — 
t 
The ng period. in these cases ia clear enough, 
but it is another matter altogether when we import 
lants from tropical and sub-tropical regions, where 
the difference between the seatons "A edi: d small 
indeed ether 
dependent upon widely varying cata ot ре 
