788 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
{DecemBer 21, 1895. 
‘may be frequent before the root is dry enough to 
press for shipment. When E dry,'and danger 
the presence of moisture is passed, 
it is piled up in large stacks pt ready to b 
Ar are dug ditches 
ound th d tc for draining 
the ground after а heavy sho ог pro- 
longed period of rain or snow, these ditches 
this, of 
detracts from its name, and is itself waste. 
dry it is pressed in oe, 
to 
course, 
hen sufficien ntly 
steam ав 
t inimum and to ч freight, 
e bales are bound with iron diim: and sometimes 
енін with canvas, 
Some of the roots as imported are so thick that 
they indicate a probable growth of, perhaps, twenty 
the age at which roots are dug 
up in the plantations about Pontefract, where the 
best Liquorice-root is grown; after this age it 
becomes too — and fibrous to be of much value 
in making extrac 
course, a ту sinali IR М of the Liquorice- 
in this country, and in 
б-ка the digging, 
drying, curing, pressing, baling, freight, insurance 
other items connected with the produce of Айа 
Minor and Russia, attention has been directe 
root of commerce is gr 
in case of 
а European war, a blockade of the Black Sea at the 
ardanelles, or the iterranean at Gibraltar, the 
world’s supply would be effectually blocked, and 
the large American industry of tobacco-manufac- 
besote K 
that the cultivation of Liquorice — form а pro- 
fitable industry in America, and would, in time, pay 
better than either Sagar-cane, bam Beets, Rice, or 
Gotton, although the industry would not be so large 
or important as any of these, 
Liquorice extract can be made as well or better 
from fresh root than from the dry, and is so made in 
the countries that furnish the root, but the duty on 
it of 5 cents per м largely restricts its importa- 
tion, while the root is free, 
It is . his by introducing the cultivation 
of Lore alee America, the extract may be made 
d Beets, that is, to have 
; large tracts of land Mele exclusively to the growth 
ok the plant, with the factory for maki 
; Saou ae 
of the extract, the apparatus 
мы 1 simply suitable crushers or shredding 
and vacuum p 
Sugar factories, too, could be 
— when en not runnin пр on sugar, as the pro 
i left 
until the next, not only without 
, but to its increased value 5 8 
xis reser vl deri to allow the roo 
or Ачан Ма is the 
"s nettes matter. Frost or drought do 
t injure the root when once well established, 
ough young and tender plants are liable to injury. 
After 1 | & suitable tract of land, the fol- 
per es is given as the best means of culti: : 
* be ploughed down the 
grass and weeds, barrowed, then laid out in farrows 
about 25 to 30 inches apart, and the buds or cuttings 
set in the rows 6 or 8 inches apart, and covered by 
& plough throwing a farrow over the buds from each 
— or even cover them 3 or 4 inches with a hoe 
is is all. m time to time during the growing 
season а байды; should be run between the row 
to keep down weeds or gr. The tops at the ба 
of the growing season should be cut off; this could 
be done with a mowing machine. The second and 
third year the pin. would be the same. Ia the 
moat "mw part of the business.“ As t 
pen & great deptb, а good deal of bout f is 
required i in >ы them up, but it is suggested that 
this -work may be supplanted by some me- 
л 1 e of extracting them from the ground. 
Mr. ouse points out that унн idea of 
m учи in America is not a naw one, and 
that in 1886 several ac ry r 
— near Sacramento, California, b t 
growth was not persevered in. ur 
“ Му own experience in growing the plant in 
results, owing to causes that might have been pre- 
ossibly а want of care or interest or expe- 
part of those in charge, to say nothing 
I have grown the plants in several places in New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, and Florida, 
atill have some gro wing in the different coim 
to ntroduce 
the b rm on a large ac 1 
connection wi h ilis cultivation of the 
Li —— the man anufacture ы Liquorice 
weht at Pontes the Chemist and Druggist 
states that confectionera' sareka at the 
Holborn 3 oy town- councillor onte- 
fract, as representing the Liquorice manufacture, 
stated that the trade had considerably developed 
during the past few years, and had it not been for 
this trade Pontefract would have been much less 
known, and in а much less flourishing condition. 
tons are manufactured annually, and 
at depth of soil in the dis- 
trict, which makes it possible to grow Liquorice, this 
being the case in only one other part of the country, 
namely, Essex. 
r 
AS A LONER OF. FLOWERS. 
that is interesting has been written of late 
regarding the —_ cm — of this 
great poet, essayist, and critic, in connection with 
the recent recent publication of his lettere, which, how 
ever, do not giv naan име his life; but I 
of these reviews a single 
reference to what I du асі Пу after 
visiting him at his beautiful Surrey residence—his 
predominating ion love : 
There can be no question, tha 
was intensely fond of flowers, 
most valued of his many letters to myself, he says 
of that exquisite vernal flower, whicb, rising as if 
M th of ын» seems ever to anticipate— 
early is its advent—the ing of spring: “Ido 
cae know that I have ever лын the Saowdrop 
in my veraee, but I have been planting it round my 
ғ, and I admire it greatly.” He had, how- 
wae in his classical entitled “ re and 
Iseult," sung i Pu uo e rop by the 
2 I did not fail, subsequently, to aes? him of 
this, 
In another of his letters, he says of one of the 
aweetest most unobtrusive of flowers, with 
special reference to a poem I had written upon the 
subject, “ Your poem on the Wood Sorrel shows 
very considerable command of thought and 18 
sion; but I could wish that уоп had said m 
regarding = special self, as Т аш particularly fond 
of the flow 
Many in clesia allusions to lowers indigenous to 
Greece are discoverable in his M. а work which, 
written after the manner of Euripides has been 
highly eulogised ud Algernon C. Swinburne, а poet 
ho A. has expressively 
passages in this poem are chiefly found in the 
herir n of which are highly suggestive of the 
Greece. Bat Arnold’s flower- 
inspiratione occur in another and more-impressive 
ing the too-early vanishing cuckoo, he sing 
uick ea At wherefore wilt thou go? 
Soon will the bi ome on; 
Soon shall we have gold-dusted Saapdragon, 
Sweet William with his homely cottage smell, 
And Stocks in pu blow 
Roses that down the alleys shine afar, 
рту ad lattices, 
A under the dreaming garden trees, 
And the full moon, and the white evening star.“ 
Matthew Arnold was, of course, an admirer of such 
splendid flowers as the Carnation, the Begonia, the 
Lily, and the Rose; but I have an idea that, like his 
great Teacher, the High Priest of Nature," he 
love uch more than these, the humbler beauties 
most 
characteristic lyrical achievements, the ioni which 
cling ао fondly to his memory, as the alpine Linaria 
adheres to the wall, are the purple Fritillaries of the 
Oxfordshire meadows; the Orchises, the Daffodills, 
the poet’s Narcissus; the Primroses gleaming by the 
hidden brookside ; and above all 
A Mem Lee drenched with dews of summer 
The 15 а да eem the vast solitudes“ 
of Nature, those “die een, and 
nition in the гт» 
heart. Not of ambition were his songs begotten, 
whose happieat theme was love. He was himeelf a 
child of Nature, and he loved her meekest children 
best. And hence he could say with his predecessor, 
William Wordsworth, to whom he was nearest о 
his great contemporaries in nature and in life: 
e ers to that human heart by which we "i. 
anks to — tenderness, its joys, its fears 
To me the meanest flowe r that blows can give, 
Thoughts that do den. lie too deep for tears. 
David R. Williamson, 
» 
WINTER CUCUMBERS. 
In order to maintain a regular supply of Cucum- 
т 
dation in the way of a M eon light and air-tight 
house, supplied with top and bottom-heat, so 
minimum — а of 60? to 70? can 
tained in all kinds of weather. To do this in very 
severe weather, it will be necessary and advisable to 
ofsecuring à more genial atmospheric temperature 
in the — is to be commended during the winde 
month 
The plan {в should receive careful attention in the 
matter of n as well as moist air, this 
being regulated in aecordance with the condition of 
the weather and — plants, but a humid rather than 
t ain d. Hence, 
a syringing the plants, as doi under the 
cumstances described, would undoubtedly favour 
* 
* 
— PHÓNG 
Ё 
