766 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
{[Decemper 23, 1895, 
seen any living T. cordata that has been introduced 
from North Asia, but judging by the dried specimens 
Kew Herbarium the n 
most obvious difference is that 
some of them have leaves with a white under-surface, 
PEU tchurica,—A small tree at Kew under this 
is 12 feet high with a bushy head. It has thin, 
didi, slightly oblique leaves measuring б inches 
across, with sharply pointed, irregular teeth which 
are either straight or curve slightly outwards, Tt 
in beanty, at least in the London district. 
subject to injury by spring frosts, and the br 
of Japan, atates that the tree just described 
is that 8 and not T. mandachurica, But so 
as leaves go, the Kew plant agree th Max 
m specimen ырдай, gathered x 
himself in Amurland, and now preserved at Kew 
Т. Miqueliana, —Thia species is a common forest 
tree in the northern parts of Japan, and it there 
attains a height of 100 feet, It is only represented 
by small seedlings at Kew, and it will bə some time 
before any definite opinion can be given of its 
probable value in English gardens, Maries collected 
it in Yezzo, and his specimen is at Kew, 
it would appear to differ from T. mands 
the more incurved teeth of the leaves, the greater 
obliquity of their bases, and the more obvious white- 
neas of the under-surface. J. J. Bean, Arboretum, Kew, 
NEW ZEALAND FRUIT 
CULTIVATION. 
E — days of heavy мыны s colonial 
and foreign fruits, it is a matter « е im- 
portance to growers and salesmen at конд to 
realise as nearly as possible what they have to 
meet from their competitors in other lands; a 
thus it is that we take advantage of opportunities 
by the agents of colonies and foreign powers 
resident in the metropolis to place the desired 
information on record here, Very often the power to 
compete possessed by our “ outside” friends is over- 
estimated—as is the case with the colony under 
consideration—New Zealand. Out there, growers were 
going to do all sorts of things with all sorts of fruit 
trade—they have still to begin! In the matter of 
Apples, all sorts and sizes of fruit were placed on 
present, the colony not 
the cravings of settlers for toothsome fruit — t—by-and- 
cercle Ма able to seek fresh fields with a 
chance of success, 
This year there are 21,400 acres laid down in 
increase of 1 reaa the area 20 
returned in in 1894. We may insert that 
a great deal of fruit consumed in finds 
ony 
its way from other Australasian colonies a the 
Pacific Islands. From the North Cape to the Bluff 
Hill, on the extreme south of “б en Talon, a 
of fruits ix 
E 
variety 
Plume, Qainces, Арбан, Figs, V ‘Walnuts, Бене 
Goose Currants, Straw! Ri 
development, Auckland has extensive orchards of 
exeolleni fruit—returns going up to from £40 to £50 
per acre in favourable seasons—that iv, when pests 
are kept under, Ia Otago orchard-planting is pro- 
gressing rapidly, all fruits of the temperate zone 
finding a congenial soil there; railways would play 
an important part in this development. It may be 
of interest to note that the manufacture of cider is 
assuming considerable dimensions; also the drying 
of fruit, which latter is helped on by the Govern- 
ment in various w Jam is being looked after, 
and if—ah, that ‘ if” !—capital were but forthcoming, 
very much might be done in fruit-preserving for 
home consumption 
From the а жд placed at my disposal by the 
Agent- Gene 
ever, has n pl record to show that much 
may be expected in ** not far-distant future from 
New Zealand fruit-growers. E. С. 
THE WEeEk's WORK. 
THE HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
By W. Рорк, Gardener, Highclere Castle, Newbury. 
FILBERTS AND COB NUT8.—Nuts form a profit- 
able crop in many parts of the country and well 
from th which are experienced at the 
time when ushes are usually in bloom, То 
secure ero — * superior Nuts, the bushes should 
be planted 10 feet 
much the same manner as 
Carrant bush, 
: strong-rooted sucker, this should 
out one foot o ground, and the growths re- 
— reduced to three of the strongest and best 
ring the succeeding winter should 
a selection for the po tiger ofa * and ү 
should be tied to stakes stuck — he soil 
circle, the centre of the bash еи dir of 
ition be cut back 
ems about 12 or 14 
inches; а good shoot eps selected from each in the 
summer and trained as leader, and the strong lateral 
growth slightly 8 When the desired ud 
is attained, which n 6 to 8 feet, = bar 
growths hs should be opis iat at the winte kerin 
old bearing wood and strong shoots 8 — 
күк a small catkin-bearing sprays unt touched, 
I efer the winter-praning till the female 
blossoms become visible, thinning and shor ten 
а сгор of nuts, Suckers should be constantly kept 
down, a moderate dressing of good manure 
applied every year, and lightly forked into the 
surface.  Naturally-grown bushes course, 
much more common than these trained and een 
mtg bushes, and фито 'eatm t than 
— of the to way of 
3 be beneficial. — — eti manure 
will certainly lead to 
бала improvement іп the size and quality aid m 
nuts. If catkins 
— as sometimes happens, a few эч 2 
„on which they are generally abundant, 
should b be cut and placed about the branches for the 
purpose of fertilisation. 
NTER DRESSING FOR N REED. How я 
is 5 he time for dress 
with inse The ol 
water in whic 
disao 
z 
use 
temperature of UE Use аа in distributing. А 
Keep it thoroughly ELIT 8 
e eee _ {һе right sort of preparation for the re 
етет other syringeful en into the can or pail. 
r American blight the same mixture is very 
effectual м well rubbed m the infested parts with 
& stiff bru 
PLANTS UNDER GLASS.-  —- 
By W. H. SMITH, Gardener, West Dean Park, Chichester. 
LILIUM LONGIFLORUM VAR. HARRI8I.— These 
plants should be kept free from aphis, which are apt 
asional fumigation or dust- 
manure-water freely applied, 
kept pretty close to the root 
hard-forced, or the flower-buds will become 
These Lilies should be k 
and по 
“bli nd» 
LILIUM AURATUM AND L, LANCIFOLIUM.— Tae 
bulbs of these species should be potted when received 
om the nursery e pots plunged in coal-ashes 
or cocoa-nut fibre, and cold frames placed over them. 
They will not require any water before growth 
commences, 
MARQUERITES.—T hese plants, if they are now 
° by day to 55° by 
will make nice-sized plants for flowering in the 
spring. 
BEGONIAS.— Seed of the tuberous-rooted varieties 
may now be sowr, using for the purpose well-drained 
shallow-pans in preference to pots. Place these on 
a shelf in the stove, and when the seedlings appear 
above ground, use means to prevent their damping off, 
сааса these bulbs have been кя һага, 
flowers will soon appear, and the plants should be 
gradually given a cooler temperature robe ges to 
the expansion of the first blooms, which w 
pots to the cool conservatory. 
manure-water should be a 
materially 
improve next year’s blossoms, 
e brou a warm - бозы, — the most 
forward =, those in frames, If aphis be present on 
them, fumigate forthwith with Richards' Compound, 
NONE T TE. Seed in quantity may now bs sown 
in - using plenty of pec ges tS broken 
n the loamy 
DI 
a 
o 
= 
Te 
Bo 
ag 
= 
place the pots 
n sown and watered in a B vas pit close 
to the glass. 
HINTS ON WORK ps GENERAL.—At this season 
е the маче mostly unfavourable for о 
-door 
readiness for potti у Chrysanthemums, Carna- 
tione, &c. If where the heaps are prepared 
label be ЕЕ in each, indicating the use it is 
tended for, it will save 
— facilitate the operatione. 
also be prepared for Ferns, e and Е 
ante, &c., and ға а а 
should be got in Н ТӨР wie ‘Plants of 
all kinds should be thoroughly — in 
winter months; and Begonia tubers examined, re- 
strums, to ascert: 
their condition, and should a e early Gloxinias 
Вато began to grow, they should be brought into the 
ight. 
THE FLOWER GARDEN. 
By Barrer Wapps. Gardener, Birdsall Gardens, York. 
BERRY-BEARING EE —When pansing new 
shrubberies and borders, or re-arran old ones, 
care should be biter to include a 980 number of 
berry- bearing am They are interesting and bright 
n, winter, and spring months, when 
not taken by the birds, as they often are during sever vere 
г. 
