Northern Bed Oak This is a tree of wide distribu- 
tion and ready adaptability. The maximum size and the 
growth rate of the Red Oak (Quercus horealis , maxima) de- 
pends on the depth and fertility of the soil. It will 
prove more satisfactory as a lawn tree and less so as a 
street tree. The great size when mature limits its use 
to large gardens and wide parkways. A related tree, 
called Shumards Red Oak (Quercus Shumardii) grows along 
the water courses, and would be much more satisfactory 
as a shade tree than the Northern Red Oak. Neither of 
these trees have* objectionable habits nor do they have 
many insect enemies. The difficulties encountered in 
transplanting and reestablishing them are the only limi- 
tations upon their use. 
Pin Oak The Pin Oak (Quercus palustris) is being 
widely used as a shade tree. It is one of the most 
easily transplanted and has no serious objectionable fea- 
ture as a shade tree. The symmetrical growth habit makes 
it one of the few which are satisfactory for street use. 
Ordinarily it produces many small side branches and 
therefore grows taller and spreads less than most of the 
other Oaks. When planted in very dry locations, it may 
develop chlorosis; this is a dietary deficiency and may 
be corrected by the injection of Iron into the trunk. 
The fall coloration is not especially good, but the win- 
ter silhouette is unusual and quite unlike the White Oaks, 
It would be unsatisfactory as a street tree, but it has a 
definite place in parks and parkways where ample room is 
available. 
r 
+ 
Shingle Oak This one of the last Oaks to disappear 
when a woodland is developed into real estate. The 
leaves are distinct, having an entire margin— the only 
Middle Western Oak with this characteristic. It is a 
tree of wetter situations, although it may be found on 
dry hills. In many respects it resembles the Pin Oak. 
It has the same kind of branching, but rarely grows as 
large; although in youth, it grows as rapidly as any 
other Oak. It might be used as a street tree in wetter 
localities, and it has a place as a shade or lawn tree. 
Two more Oaks which might be used as far north as 
St. Louis are the Willow Oak (Quercus Phellos) of the 
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