| RAILROAD PASS. 55 
miles long; the second is to cross the mountains by a 
_ natural pass almost due west of Camp Grant, over which a 
_ road leads to Sacaton, on the Gila; and the third way is to 
_ cross by another pass seventy miles to the south, which leads 
from the San Pedro crossing (a good ford about latitude 
_ 32° 5’), vid Cienega de los Pimas, to Tucson. 
_ The ranges of the cordillera crossed, there are no more 
{ mountains of any magnitude to be found between them and 
the Sierra Nevada of California. The whole of the inter- 
_ vening country on this parallel is parched, worthless, and 
_ nearly all desert. ; 
After this digression, let us carry our minds back again to 
_ camp at the spring in Railroad Pass, and continue the narra- 
_ tive of our daily life. 
_ Mr. Eicholtz recommenced his survey at a fine cotton-wood 
tree, a conspicuous landmark 14°33 miles east of the summit 
of the pass. From this point the twin peaks of the Dos 
 Cabezas appeared to great advantage. The mountain itself 
/ forms the southern boundary of the pass, and the northern 
end of the Chiricahui Range. Opposite the Dos Cabezas, 
and forming the northern boundary of the pass, is another 
fine mass, named Mount Graham, which is the southern 
extremity of that continuation of the range northward called 
{ by another name, the Pina-lefio Mountains. The length of 
_ the pass is fourteen miles—seven up and seven down; its 
width averages from eight to ten miles. It looks more like a 
- plain which has been slightly uplifted than a pass through a 
range of mountains, covered as it is with magnificent grass, 
and devoid of trees. It is grooved in its centre by a broad, 
smooth, grass-covered arroyo, which commences as the dry : 
bed of a little stream near the summit. A wagon-trail, 
Known as Leache’s Old Road, traverses it; but when we 
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