* BOTANICAL REPORT. 291. 
urposes. In some sections the pion presents a more upright growth, and 
has short uniform trunks, suitable for railroad ties. The wood is durable, but 
i and with a twisted fibre, so that it is unfit for other purposes of 
“railroad construction 
__ The distribution of the pifion and cedar forests is particularly favourable 
; nient rei es of railroad fuel, being scatter ed along the line of the 
On the neoresiz crests of the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Madre, San 
) Francisco, and the Sie vada we meet with other varieties of pine and 
Spruce, occasionally ing extensive forests, and affording material for the 
hich different tree products these we may 
the Pifio real (Pinus contorta), which is noted for its slim, r 
, particularly suited for telegraph poles and cross ties; the Douglas 
Spruce, or mountain he g ery durable and tough wood ; 
4 ies’ spruce, and Abies Engelmanni, the latter 
_ Wood, well adapted to inside work. Besides these, on the high alpine ridges, 
oak, ash, the central mountain region. While we have repre- 
4 “sentatives of aves of these, they are so comparatively rare, or of such insignifi- 
tant growth, as not properly to enter into the account in any spec view 
tral mo i 
and the lower valleys of the San Francisco Moun ins, we 2 meet with a 
q - deciduous-lea ved white oak, sometimes of fair size, and suitable for railroad 
' With a great variety of peculiar pines and firs, but also hinge oaks, forming 
, &xtensive forests, and well adapted 6 all the required u ses of hard wood in 
' notice is the mae <7 oak (Quercus 
scr a perfect 
Besides 
botany of the region connected with the railroad survey, 
to the following list of plants. 
v2 
