THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, ачы ШЕ 
388 ri 
TER кора antain torrents, ог а lack of the Italian irrigation prac ctised | before Turnips, I s Ow so още, йаа Ryo эй ER { 
our Eur local French bs А, don h e with Dur f Nor ham ^i "the county of Avignon. In winter the waste plain of gu" es | previous spring, o fira feed, I y "A BEN ia iky 
crosses t cum апа such as those of grazes the fine-woolled sheep that, in migratory flocks of 10,000 | Dutch ҮҮ, "s feed бее: TE instead of ү, p and whita 
Bretonne, &c., than by to 40,000, each headed by trained companies of goats with bells | think "" Ы rs better v on light or sandy lands. D Ama мІ 
lusive attention to the ure Durham. round their necks, are driven in spring a month's journey cou s o Бет you to sow a on n3 
the, ехо M were some 60 En; spum she The South- | the slopes of the Alps. Now the extraordinary diversities of | mentioned seeds to feed off before sowing т the before 
8 ep. ш е, soil, situation, and peculiarities of husbandry in these | land is not in a proper state of cleanliness, во d if yonr 
dite s were well represented by Lord Walsingham | six grand divisions of France have developed more than a|Send a шап er Е Turnips or Swedes with a pe ou tay 
and Sir rett Lennard. Sir Thomas took the pk. breeds of native cattle ; Nu veis pe yt xm ү: basket р tak 8 all Ls un de is left t and unie 
i i ver, under six or seven well-defi e nor amongst your А , at a cost of from 18. 6d. 
Ist K Pt a Pm 24 rq old, baap western and western divisions, being pre-eminent for dairying | otherwise you had better omit having a gr roon ор O 9 
mais, rin e Babraham an ichmond stamp. —supplying most of the 16,000,000 lbs. of butter sold yearly | and well fallow your lank or it will be in a foul ку. Шы, 
iry | out the whole rotatio "Where you u have a fiel Fil 
hieh 
ani 
Lord Walsingham also showed a lot 22 months of age. | in the Halle of Paris—possess three noted breeds of dair, 
i i Flemi i ment of|land with a north Repo on w 
{ å gr pu 
а 
The latter were close clipped, a fact somewhat disad- va PM pls. cf гоч» of Senec s ME A] prec Bia noel en oia а cannot by egy 
ч В e Nord hz ,000, a егу с a s g Е in 
» on х Southdown; while Sir mas’s | b rer being esteemed as unsurpassed in quality, if not the | time pou to sow any kind of Turnip, ald fair seasg 
p had born clipped во ti go, and showed | best known. Stall-fed in winter, in the most liberal yet | you to sow your first Swedes on a bare fallow, wal 
ES thighs, plates and neck wool Tis m 2 inches long. каша manner, and grazed on кожо ndid pasture or p а ате ош the 896 н оп {һе тоге то 
ibi ordinary cows give eight or nir uarts daily, | situations o e farm. so on the stro 
сода FI о ау е тез оа vhi Auri E r and su er; the уршык o COWS, dudar the e you want to ensure a Swede crop, I thini it d Ай, Wie 
unders nc A ation, while Sir Thomas Ts their best, yield 16 to 20 quarts daily. Е attempt agreen crop before Swedes, because if the weather 
had nob done во; Газа so e little di SA arose as | they xa dendi as 0 414 ers, the oxen n demanding the | very dry you cannot get the seed to til the s i 
p e latter should not be dis- | very highest fo od von то dealer If t ке is а point Е ү go dec — кн boue crop of Swedes, IMA 
; which our English cattle are deficient it is rw eats at the рап агіебу of soils on my farm, Оц ve not found 
qualified. The malia NS PDAS у "dipping but we certainly could not advis Con pepe the blood | ence as to which grows the best roots af iege 
one selected by the j 3e The decision eene of these Flemish cows эзе hes ца Е and Ayrshire | provided the weather is поб too d get the land üngly 
sume after this ocess, The 10 onths' | milkers equal in dairy m Pin p the e time thrifty | verised, во as to vegetate to seed; but ina very dry ваза | 
feeders. For milking Sud РЕР qualities, na producing | find the free working and rather loamy light soil to vegetate tte 
ich yellow мес our Channel Island с are superior to seed, and carry on the plant bestduring the dry weather, Thare 
a of Lord Walsingham v Merit the 2d aq aud | 
uch хш. We Mag en to have the Flemish. Some give as wenig as 20 to E quarts o milk 
1 
fine pen. The. pure € аге | daily, and many 'yield 10 up to 14 Ше. eekly. | sow to any green crop, if I want to makesureof growing 
wonderful; bid still, on close observation, we re- 45 А ете аху de Kis ods, an M A aisle Kissed T Hs i uin € pe — part of the Joar ss. 
nutriment with whic e emish cattle are favoure! - 8 а о begin 
marked а great delicacy of constitution: indicated b Y | over, the Channel Island stock, though diminutive, have the | the different kinds of green crops, if m 
the fine transparent ears and short w ool. The crosses | merit of fattening rapidly, and yielding excellent meat, | manure to spare for the land coming in course for Turnips, pat 
are most successful, ri \ b the Berrichon Visus oA tle are ofa ND denk red aes Lr aie »long- spuro its к а е d А ог more if you ед 
egged, and commonly ill-shape e few ofthese oxen exhi- | spare 1 ori ough ; w ve the effect 
flue (rm "ie sm a — К; d paces uri bited have littleflesh upon them. and one crossed with Shorthorn wardin much your green crops, as well as brin, Mes 
influen own in the most mar e manner amongst is big, but of low quality. The few Flanders cows, too, issy Turnips Mg E much heavier weight. When you plough EN 
есу Dist, Merinos. The Merino is the chief breed | possess little merit in the eyes of either butcher or dairyman. land after the green is fed, the plough should 
с så. 
Fran and now that meat for even the ES brindled, and пае yelow аса “ e » brood азау dep. VR es Nd do yara Шаш рота 
H x rives upon 1ts üixuriant native pas л1се8, ut on poorer ; А } 0! moe. 
n h n mil on has become an important ob forage quickly degenerates. Its great size and substantial | rate depth, or manure which the sheep leave by foe ling 
ject, while the finest wools. come from the | fr. бів it for being moulded into а race of fine meat he green crop will be turned in too deep for the Swedes or 
&ralasian colonies, the Merino itself must be | ducing animais. The MUS of crossing оша SE Enea is м eds vs ny — - ofroi By ell т 
edintoa more mutton yielding sheep, and evidenced at the present show in Ve e faults of angu- | the land the yard manure will be wel! mixed прш 
Н - | larity in form and overplus et: bone, img giving more rapid | when the young Turuip plaut will soon find out and feel on 
аз at Poissy in 1857, the arge ars amd and peni н, ng propensity. n us, compari i Sena Did it, which will be soon visible to the буе. But à 
ful mutton of the Dishley ted universal | Norman ox with а four-years ed сов " d, we observe that | your land to bo in fallow and you wish to put om 
sur т. ests wW Salis ingly | while the height is reduced 7 inches, the length from tail to | some yard manure, I say put it on before you 
d ing t 3 f ho tlie be oe f gy shoulder lessened by 11 inches, and the neck shortened 7 the last time  excopt опе; І prefer М 
good, g the prize o nour, as une of. the | fhe girth is not much altered, being 8 feet 6 inches i cross- | beginning of April. Plough ediatel, 
, takin < ; B g o ril ough it in i y, stil 
English sheep classes. Mr. Holland's Spro mee are бей, instead of 9 feet linch in the thres-years old Norman. | working the land at different times, until you want t 
splendid sheep. Of Romi mney 2 Marsh the sa ark | The form is compact, and the flesh of beautiful quality e Aa iue E е of Een m 
cannot I hough th 8 : | cows are superb milkers, though of slow growth and difficult e top; then the drags and harrows will wel 
France Мт » > мыл + coke Che rude and m to fatten, but a few successive crossings with Short-horn bulls | top surface, where it quickly comes in contact wit the j zd 
t. vio ackfaces were | produce most excellent animals. One of these exhibited plant, as before described. І have at difforent tünes hada 
E entry e Dutch, i i rime 8 partofa field which I could n t manure until the last plouguiug. 
i mili i i 
1 AS Pe I bro eds, ы: "magn i mt show both of for its diminutive proportions, its fine bone, and colour in at the в: time as 
arge and sma. reeds, evidently native races im- | patches of black and white. This native of the heaths of| up by the last ploughing; but the result ё CTOUS Wii 
proved by many succes sive crosses with the best| Brittany is very popular, partly because cheap to different, and I have found three or four tons 
Enatish, расан with Su olks -— aud though becaus е imal for tl A n attor cago. m 
2 Р zh | D Partly because of its supposed large supply of milk in pro- | manure ploughed in deep is sealed down 
English brei èders cannot hope to win ЧЫ. TM in portion to. the food consumed. "There EA 5 no тойды furrow, and in a great measure romains dormant un 
te бы still die have the satisfaction of kno wing | grounds for this opinion; experience w would show tha up again ; f plougi 
Е а аге уегу far ir superior in this respect. red 2: е for the furrow lies as it were rather hollow, 
ntain d, the size of the breed increases; a cross with the Short- | the roo! i i а 
v to be main ed by a constant flow of new blood | horn is found remarkable for early maturity and beautiful | generally drill my Swedes wit tw: 
uality of meat, aud crossing with yn rshire gives us a|loads of compost per aere, made of p 
valuable ox as well as a first rate dairy cow, well exemplified | 2 i if I have 
in those now exhibited. In the central "divisi on of France, | itrun well through ri 
along the upper valley of tho Loire, we the rpm dust, and about two cwt. of superphos 
has six agricultural divisions, each two-t] thirds as large | breed, or native French Short horn, ован by its white | had по yard ma ^ i 
as all epe 90468. oomprphend пе differences Eu coat. It is rathe: T e aA and compactly Sup Th but | If it із very dry, I don't tike to plough my fallow land 
to the native breeds it is necessary to know som: С, of the | smaller than our "breton s but itis not meritorious in tho the seed as soon as it is ploughed, as you 
oci CE found. CN ү e serre main poi of feeding quietly or yie ме c 
г foi 
‚Те е f account of the French breeds of cattle 
в 
cont: 1; ssy а p 
The flourishing department of Le Nori may rank with the | surprising insprovemi n the show of A they jars is very injuri ed 
finest English counties. The marshes and arable lands of 7 rounds of beef, p | chinos, si mid necks, and short good failurós for volt of this precaution. 
Flande dis 1 eads, displayi however, too y hollow backs, narrow | à few days it should be well P" 
manuring; and, while England devotes three-quarters of her | rumps, and ihe dofect of dis шде -point d elbow-joint | may. Pn vegetated. The pro 
pica to - renun of m Flanders Snpion. only one ы out almost to а derormity. Мапу Charolais crosses speaking of only lies to а Yn d 
sí (3). Short-h: i ilent 1 rilling close after the 
you have moi 
als indeed, an 
tire rural manufacture in oil-mills, К ries, breweries, tr of good flesh, though the white coat has changed to a | the seed will come away before the w 
Po! wol d sugar mills, The growth of Bee i i oan. Auvergne, and but if your land is very subject to weeds, 
root for P Же main d he Me farming; and the | Limousin have developed breeds of draught oxen. The Salers plan {ор ani 1 
feeding of si the pulp and 1 of the raw material | cattle are of large size, of bright red colour, with heavy | which you wish to sow, during whic 
has тийре th en lien Т of s 16-fold since the commence- | upturned horns ; some of them stand four inches higher at the several harrowings, which will destroy all 
ment of this trade. (3). Normandy is a country of pastures | loin than at the о and the оске á— and Шке: and you will then be enabled to see to hoo your 
better, as the plants will be clean. aha 
n oni 
and large dairy "turins, held ps long leases, and not|jointare immense, while the ribs are pinched i They are 
by the system of métayage, so prevalent in the south, | made into beef at ee to 10 hri. old. Those oes seed more than one inch or one PI 
а country also of fine merino sheep, of abundant lw carry very little meat, The Limousin are of a yellow depend on the season; if itis 
d for Ў orth-eastern ving | the best. 
poultry, good wages for labour. In the m wn or dark fawn colour, with upturned horns, 
division th n hills mpagne embosom its famed | purple tips. They show many level backs, good rounds, | I will now explain in what way I usually їз тиш em 
eyards; and the farm-houses are gronped in Mae ja and some nice firm meat ; butthe defective shoulder is observ- | to receive о tho $ Swede or Turnip sods aftar w the 
whence issue to the fields at dawn the cows and sheep obedient | able—indeed, one beast has a hol eight inches deep lough any of 
to the herdsman's horn. Burgundy glories in its Vine-clad | immediacely behind the elbow. Some of the Short-horn and 
rot the (aie dor; к ө, їз tle farmer n Ай» ороо үр ers at once exhibit most of the faults d 
ura, rears da rs iating in | sevi - 
ло бертам, (бе OEMAR pote Ж € : eavy-fleshed animals, with a nice quality 
The western division, jutting out flo the 
hi 
fertility to the toil of prosi dmen, Vine-dresse ) 
апа gardeners. The valley of fee Loire ач. per tho Farmers’ Club 
: Saintogne and Angoumois distil Cognac, WINFRITH.—The Cultivation T a. —At the last 
garden of France: Ё 
and the Celtic cultivators of Brittany з their noted herds of | monthly meeting of this Club Mr. T. H. Saunders, of 
o! clo: 
uce ion. 
the тап 
Саш ав th "m Чоо ta ааг of ^m The pro of| Mr. SAUNDERS said the science of root- i he 
tolo yi ы NE mee s n Tife is to > EN. s Doing sorts d -— is xc NON Ee dione nx тай good 4 СЯ 
rans i ulture of its large ed particularly on the light soils of P distri: ell as 
- p 3e is thirds i = as I alwa; vp 
col 
of dup wes Ds . a green crop, to 
n nne. Itisa poor district, having | whole of my Turnips and Swedes а! i 
ons of acres of reclaimable land, in a climate which | ОЁ some kind has been fed off on hs ud. Eni to Шон CY bros TS MER 
ltural products out of many kinds of vegetation, | system, your land воша be nearly or quite free from Couch | sowin k it ои rir 
ut | G о ot quite во, M the 
to to the j 
the chestnut укан, p nd edible crop, the waln rass. If you have a piece 
ade in France, while plums 2000 ва рос Я её ооа; bx vio ен 
n prodigious quanti The | your green crop in the autumn, put in the. i eg ntall broadshare, 
Bourdeau and Toulouse form one third of | ог some such other implement, and pare the land pu the 
Fran last or south-eastern | weather is hot, Ifitis well worked after, the little Grass will 
ы г ы is the valley of the | вооп be dead; but gà do this eripe X €: Аа d be m 
tract of clay country is "artificially | in the і Аз еи s you think all on ti А top-tt Ur 
п und plough y and as as possible, and keep working it 
ry plani with their silkworms. Olive groves | about as o as оаа when the weather is dry, until you 
la succession of harvests of Madder, Tobacco, roots, think the land is clean; then, wi ithout any more p ( loughing, I 
and Wheat are ripened by the fervid sun in the generally sow my Rye, Vetches, or winter Barley. "3 Ic 
The tropical ate of Provence causes Set. first ape of a pa ed is is ploughed, and very oplaas: "but I will si 
flourish in the open air; but wide Erde аз воо is off, otherwise | I generally sow White "Globe c or 
from the destructive violence of І cannol ата T а аа; but f for pd e t feed in the spring | June for my first feed, as many 89 
