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550 Bashford Dean Memorial Volume 



specimens she examined, but she describes the funnels as follows: "The oviducts have 

 large funnels, which open ventrad to the stomach. . . . The edges of the funnels are ir' 

 regular and spreading, and are united in the median ventral line to one another, thus 

 forming one large funnel. The anterior edges of the funnels become united to the anterior 

 wall of the body cavity, whilst the posterior edges of the united fimbriae hang free." 



Deinega's one specimen had a single unpaired opening. So also in three of Smith's 

 specimens (including one that is sexually immature), the oviducts communicate with the 

 body cavity through a single opening (Text figures 10, 11 and 14). In a fourth fish (which 

 is mature), the abdominal opening has become transversely elongated until it functions as 

 two separate openings — one for each oviduct (Text-figure 15). Momose's specimen 

 (1938) had a single oviducal funnel. 



In Dean's notebook is a good outline drawing, in pencil, evidently intended to form 

 the basis of a complete drawing. This shows a single large common abdominal opening of 

 both oviducts. In this respect, his specimen resembled those described by Hawkes (1907) 

 and by Smith (1937). 



THE SHELL GLAND 



The Uterine egg of ChlamydoseJachus is enclosed in a keratinoid shell. This is 

 secreted by a gland, the shell or nidamental gland, which is an enlargement of an anterior 

 portion of the oviduct. The glands of the two oviducts may be at the same level, as in 

 Smith's immature specimen seen in Text'figure 10 and in Dean's rough sketch showing the 

 oviducts and the two ovaries with large eggs. 



In contrast, m Carman's specimen (Text-figure 8), the left gland was anterior to the 

 right. So also was it in Smith's three sexually mature fish as portrayed in Text-figures 11, 

 14 and 15. Deinega (1925) merely states that the shell gland of the right oviduct of his 

 specimen was placed somewhat further back than the left. This asymmetric position of 

 the shell glands (the left further forward) appears to be an adaptation to the slender form 

 of the body of Chlaynydoselachus, and is probably correlated with the fact that the right 

 uterus is always functional and occupies much of the hinder abdominal cavity. 



In Carman's fish (1885) the shell glands were of about equal siz,e (Text-figure 8), as 

 they are in Dean's sketch showing them and the ovaries with large eggs. Concerning 

 this matter, Nishikaw^a says. ''. . . the nidamental gland of the right side is better developed 

 than that of the opposite side", but he does not say how many specimens he examined. 

 Smith graphically shows (Text-figures 11, 14 and 15) that in three sexually mature females 

 the right gland was noticeably better developed, and Deinega (1925) states this for his one 

 fish. Why the right gland is the better developed will be understood when the uterus has 

 been considered. 



Carman (1885) figured and first described the internal structure of the nidamental 

 gland (Text-figure 13 herein). Here is his description. 



The gland consists, in appearance, of two thick plates of laminated structure. The 

 plates are longer and thicker in the middle, and shorter and thinner at each side. The short 

 sides have been applied and united; this leaves an acute point descending from the thicker 



