The Embryology of Heterodontus japonicus 



655 



Text-figure 3. 



Photograph of a fresh'caught Bullhead Shark (Heterodontus, prohshly japonicus) taken at Misaki, Japan. 



The specimen is an adult female about 1043 mm. (41 inches) long. 



After Dean, 1904, p. 203. 



AUTHORSHIP OF THE DRAWINGS 



Owing to the lapse of many years since the drawings of Heterodontus and Chlamy- 

 doselachus were made, the precise circumstances have become involved in some obscurity. 

 When, where and by whom were the finished drawings made? It is known that Dean was 

 an artist of no mean ability, and that he was skilled in the various techniques employed in 

 illustrating his published works. He made pencil sketches with surprising speed and 

 fidelity; he had an artist's ready perception of form and quick appraisal of Hght and shadow. 

 His more finished drawings reveal an accuracy of outline and delicacy of shading that 

 invariably arouse the admiration of the beholders. During his sojourn in Japan, he 

 had learned to use the brush in making fine lines, often in color. It is known that he had 

 made drawings similar to those of Heterodontus, and so it was natural that the idea should 

 develop among some of his friends and associates that all the drawings of Heterodontus 

 were the work of his own hands. But, considering the variety and the scope of Dean's 

 activities, it seems physically impossible for him to have made all the drawings that 

 illustrate his published works, and also the drawings that were left unpublished after his 

 untimely death. It seems more likely that Dean often made sketches to illustrate the 

 character of the drawings desired, and then left the execution of the finished drawings to 

 artists whom he employed. 



So far as Chlamydoselachus is concerned, the matter of the authorship of the draw' 

 ings has been fully considered by Gudger (1940) who came to the conclusion that they 

 were made by Japanese artists under Dean's direction. The same considerations hold for 

 Heterodontus, with the following additional circumstances: The present writer remem' 



